Wadatacce
- Yanayi don aikin enzyme
- Rarraba
- Enzymes a cikin hanyoyin masana'antu
- Misalan enzymes da ayyukansu
- Karin bayani?
Theenzymes sunadarai ne da suke aiki kamar masu kara kuzari, wato hanzarta halayen sunadarai ba tare da an cinye ko zama wani ɓangare na samfuran wannan ba dauki. Duk halayen da ke faruwa a cikin jiki ana daidaita su ta hanyar enzymes, don haka a bayyane yake cewa enzymes suna da ayyuka iri -iri a cikin rayayyun halittu.
Daga cikin ayyukan enzymes shine nainganta narkewa da shan abubuwan gina jiki, daga abincin da ake ci: enzymes masu narkar da abinci sun rushe furotin, carbohydrates kuma mai a cikin abubuwa masu kama.
A wannan ma'anar an ce enzymes suna da amfani sosai a lokutan kumburin ciki, gas da narkewar abinci mai nauyi sosai. Suna kuma samar da hana ayyukan kumburi kuma yarda da buga farfadowa, da kuma taimakawa wajen kawar da guba da daidaita tsarin garkuwar jiki.
Yanayi don aikin enzyme
Ayyukan enzyme, duk da haka, ana yin su tare da inganci daban -daban dangane da wasu yanayi waɗanda za su iya kasancewa a cikin jiki. Misali, a mafi girma taro taro ko daya mafi girman taro na enzyme ƙimar da ke tattare da haɗarin enzymatic yana ƙaruwa, kodayake har zuwa wani iyaka.
A gefe guda, haɓaka 10 ° C yana ninka saurin amsawa, amma lokacin da aka kai wani iyaka, zafi ya zama mara amfani tare da aikin enzymatic. Bugu da kari, da mafi kyau PH na aikin enzymatic shine 7 (banda a cikin enzymes na narkewa, wanda ke cikin mahallin acid ciki).
Rarraba
Rarrabuwa da aka yi da enzymes ya bambanta tsakanin waɗanda ke duba rikitarsu, waɗanda ke nazarin su masu haɗin gwiwa ko waɗanda ke da hannu a cikin ayyukan enzymatic:
The hydrolases sune waɗanda ke haifar da halayen hydrolysis, yayin da isomerases sune wadanda haɓaka halayen wanda isomer ya canza zuwa wani. The wasanni catalyze dauri na kwayoyin, yayin da liasas suna aiki a cikin halayen ƙari ko kawar da shaidu. The oxidoreductases catalyze oxidation-rage halayen (sauƙaƙe canja wurin lantarki) da tansferases suna haifar da canja wurin ƙungiya daga wani abu zuwa wani.
Enzymes a cikin hanyoyin masana'antu
Akwai da yawa hanyoyin masana'antu waɗanda ke da alaƙa da aikin al'ada na enzymes. The fermentation na giya da sauran samfuran da aka nufa amfani, yayin da halayen da yawa da ke shiga tsakanin duniyoyi kamar gini ya dogara da su.
Wani lokaci ana amfani da enzymes don dalilai na likita, da nufin magance wuraren kumburin gida.
Anan akwai wasu misalai na nau'ikan enzymes tare da wasu ayyukansu, halittu ko masana'antu.
Misalan enzymes da ayyukansu
- Trypsin: Yana karya abubuwan peptide kusa da arginine ko lysine.
- Lactase: Ana amfani dashi a masana'antar kiwo, yana hanawa crystallization na madara mai da hankali.
- Gastrine: Yana samarwa da ɓoye acid hydrochloric, yayin da ke motsa motsi na ciki.
- Dipeptidase: Mai samar da amino acid guda biyu.
- Chymosin: Coagulates madara sunadarai a masana'antar cuku.
- Lipase: Yana ba da kitse mai kitse, idan har yana aiki a cikin yanayin alkaline, tare da aikin gishiri na bile a baya.
- Asirin: Yana ɓoye ruwa da sodium bicarbonate, ban da hana motsi na ciki.
- Glucose isomerases: Yana ba da damar amfani da manyan fructose syrups a cikin samar da abinci mai daɗi.
- Papain: A cikin masana'antar giya, ana amfani da ita don liƙa ruwan liƙa.
- Peptide na vasoactive na hanji: Yana ƙara yawan zubar jini kuma yana ɓoye ruwan ciki na ruwa.
- Sucaraa: Yana samar da glucose da fructose.
- Fiscina: Muhimmi a cikin ciyar da nama.
- Carboxypeptidase: Ya ware m carboxyamino acid.
- Bromelain: Yana da hannu a cikin samar da hydrolysates.
- Deoxyribonuclease: Yana samar da nucleotides, tare da substrate na DNA.
- Encephalin: Yana hana ɓoyayyen enzymes na pancreas da motsin rai.
- Somatostatin: Yana hana haɓakar acid hydrochloric.
- Amylase: Yana ba da glucose a cikin ciki da pancreas, idan yana aiki a cikin yanayin acidic.
- Lipoxidase: A cikin masana'antun burodi, yana inganta ingancin sa kuma yana samar da farar fata mai ƙyalli.
- Pepsin: Yana samar da peptides da amino acid a cikin ciki, matsakaiciyar acidic.
- Ribonuclease: Yana samar da nucleotides, tare da RNA substrate.
- Cikakken glucagon: Yana hana motsi da rufin asiri.
- Pectinases: A cikin masana'antar abin sha, yana inganta bayani da hakar ruwan 'ya'yan itace.
- Tannasa: Yana canza glucose zuwa fructose, ban da hana launin ruwan kasa da ɗanɗano a wasu abubuwan sha.
- Ptyalin: Yana samarwa monosaccharides da disaccharides, idan yana aiki a cikin yanayin alkaline matsakaici.
Karin bayani?
- Misalan Enzymes Digestive
- Misalan Coenzymes
