Tsarin mu'amala tsakanin wadata da buƙata shi ne babban jigon tattalin arzikin kasuwa, wanda shine al'ada a duniya inda kusan dukkan tattalin arziƙin 'yan jari hujja ne.
Mu'amala tana nufin wani tsari wanda matakan ƙimar ke ƙaddara ta daidaituwa a cikin farashin don musanya wani abu, tsakanin mutumin da ya mallake shi kuma yana son rabuwa da shi, da wani wanda ba shi da shi amma zai samar da wani amfani. .
Menene Tayin? Tsarin tayin ya fito ne daga tayin aikatau kuma yana nufin tsarin hanyoyin da kayayyaki ke isa kasuwa akan farashi da aka bayar. A wasu lokuta, mai kera ne ke kafa farashi kuma yana fatan masu yuwuwar masu amfani za su sami damar yin amfani da shi, ko kuma dole ne a saukar da shi don samun masu ba da izini. A cikin manyan ƙasashe masu tattalin arziƙi, mai samarwa yana isar da samfur ɗinsa ga wasu wakilan tattalin arziƙin waɗanda ke da aikin miƙa shi kawai.
Don sa aikin ya zama riba, mai samarwa yakamata yayi ƙoƙarin samun aƙalla kuɗi kamar yadda ya kashe don samar da mai kyau, tunda tabbas yana da farashi: wannan yana nuna cewa masu samar da kayan suna lokaci guda suna buƙatar wasu abubuwa.
Yana da yawa cewa samfuran tattalin arziƙin wadata suna neman gano waɗanne ne ƙayyadaddun abubuwan da ke haifar da bayyanar yawa ko lessasa a kasuwa. Mahimmancin samfurin samarwa da buƙatu, duk da haka, shine waɗannan ƙayyadaddun ba na haƙiƙa bane amma sun kasance ne saboda tarin abubuwan zaɓin kai na masu amfani.
Koyaya, akwai wasu abubuwan da ke ƙaddara ƙimar matakin samarwa, la'akari da ƙa'idar gaba ɗaya cewa mafi girman wadatar (don buƙatu iri ɗaya), ƙananan farashin, kuma lokacin da wadatar ta yi ƙasa farashin zai tashi.
- The fasahaDomin sabuwar hanyar samarwa na iya haɓaka ƙima tare da irin ƙoƙarin da ake yi.
- The farashin farashi, wanda, kamar yadda aka faɗa, yana ƙara yawan adadin da dole ne a nemi don rama tayin.
- The yawan masu neman takara, saboda idan an sami kamfanoni da yawa, babban matakin samarwa zai wanzu.
- The tsammanin, tunda farashin farashi da yawa suna fuskantar yanayi mai ƙarfi, kuma ana iya aiwatar da ayyuka da yawa a lokaci ɗaya kuma ɗayan.
- A cikin kayayyakin aikin gona, da yanayi shine kayyade wadata.
Menene buƙata? Sideangaren tsarin da samfura ke isa kasuwa shine mu'amalar da suke barin ta, wato saye mai amfani. Ba lallai ba ne game da saye don amfani, tunda akwai kayan da aka saya don samar da wasu ko ma waɗanda aka saya don siyarwa nan gaba.
Gabaɗayan tsarin tattalin arziƙi yana ɗaukar cewa masu ba da kaya suna ƙayyade farashin (kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin yanayin samarwa) yayin da masu ba da izini suka sadu da amsa tare da yanke shawara. A matsayinka na mai mulki, Sai dai a cikin sha'anin kaya na musamman da ake kira giffen, ana iya cewa buƙatun yana da koma baya ga farashin: lokacin da wannan ya ƙaru, buƙatun ya yi ƙasa.
Baya ga farashin, akwai wasu abubuwan da suka taru don tantance matakan buƙata:
- The haya cewa masu nema sun gane, tunda matakin farashin da suke son biya yawanci ana auna shi azaman wani ɓangare na abin da suke samu.
- Na su jin daɗi, da abubuwan da kuke so.
- The tsammanin akan farashin gaba da yawa.
- The farashin kayan maye (Da kyau, akwai lokutan da zaku iya daina siyan abu mai kyau kuma ku yi amfani da shi a wani)
- The farashin kayan haɗin gwiwa (To, akwai kayan da ke buƙatar wasu su cinye).
Da ke ƙasa akwai jerin abubuwan buƙatu da buƙatu, tare da takamaiman yanayi waɗanda ke misalta tsarin:
- Ƙaruwar farashin 'ya'yan itace saboda fari.
- Ragewa a farashin kayayyakin da ba na zamani ba.
- Rage yawan buƙatun motoci ya haifar da hauhawar farashin mai.
- Canje -canje a farashin sutura don salo mai sauƙi.
- Dokokin cin amana, suna neman gabatarwar kamfanoni da yawa yana ƙaruwa matakin da aka bayar.
- Canje-canje a cikin farashin shaidu, inda ma'amala-buƙatar hulɗar ke gudana nan take kuma minti-minti.
- Faduwar yawan samfuran da aka samar lokacin da aka maye gurbinsu da fasahar zamani.
- Rikicin kwadago, inda masu neman aiki (ma'aikata) koyaushe ke neman ƙarin albashi kuma masu neman (masu) suna neman biyan kuɗi kaɗan.
- Babban kashe -kashen da ake kashewa a talla, don jawo ƙarin buƙata.
- Ragewa a farashin kayayyakin da ba su dace ba.
