Wadatacce
Don ilimin kimiyya, a cakuda Tsari ne na abubuwa biyu tsarkakakku ko sama da haka waɗanda ke taruwa ba tare da canza canjin su ba.A saboda wannan dalili, yana yiwuwa a raba sassa daban -daban na gaurayawan ta amfani da hanyoyin zahiri na yau da kullun, kamar tacewa kalaman distillation.
A yanayi akwai gauraya da yawa, waɗanda muke hulɗa da su a kullun. Ofaya daga cikinsu shine iska cewa muna numfashi, wanda ya ƙunshi mafi yawan sinadarin nitrogen da oxygen, duk da cewa shi ma ya ƙunshi wasu abubuwakamar carbon dioxide, tururin ruwa, da sauransu. The ruwan teku shima cakuda ne, domin mun san cewa ta ƙunshi Ma'adinai salts, kwayoyin halitta a cikin dakatarwa da rayayyun halittu, da sauransu.
- Duba kuma: Haɗaɗɗen ɗumbin yawa da gaɓoɓi iri -iri
Nau'ukan gauraya
- Haɗaɗɗen homogeneous. An san gaurayawar mahaɗan da mafita ko mafita.
- Cakuda iri -iri.
Yana da mahimmanci a bayyana cewa gaurayawan ba sa samarwa halayen sunadarai tsakanin abubuwa masu gauraye. Ana iya yin nazarin cakuda a cikin inganci ko a ƙima:
- Mai inganci: Zai zama abin ban sha'awa don gano waɗanne abubuwa ke cikin cakuda.
- Ƙididdiga: Zai zama mai ban sha'awa sanin adadin ko gwargwadon abin da aka samo su.
The Haɗaɗɗen homogeneous Suna iya zama ruwa, gas ko m. Koyaushe wanda ke ƙayyade yanayin ƙarshe na cakuda shine sauran ƙarfi, ba solute ba.
Misali, lokacin da mutum ya narkar da gishirin tebur (a m) cikin ruwa (a ruwa), sakamakon cakuda ruwa ne. A wannan yanayin, idan mutum ya fita ƙafe duk ruwan, zaku sami gishiri wanda kuka narkar da farko. Idan kuka haɗa yashi da ruwa, a ɗaya ɓangaren, zaku sami cakuda iri -iri. Yashi zai yi niyyar yin Layer a kasan akwati.
Wasu Hanyoyinrabuwa gauraye su ne decantation, da crystallization, da centrifugation kalaman chromatography a kan farantin bakin ciki. Duk waɗannan hanyoyin suna da amfani sosai a dakunan bincike.
Duba: Bayani kan Rarraba Gurasar
Musamman gauraye
- Misalan Gurasar Gas
- Misalan Haɗin Gas tare da Ruwa
- Misalan Haɗin Gas tare da Ƙarfi
- Misalan Gurasar Ƙarfi tare da Ruwa
Misalan gauraye
An jera garwayayyun ashirin a ƙasa, ta hanyar misali (gami da ɗabi'a da iri -iri):
- Soda yin burodi a cikin ruwa - wannan cakuda iri ɗaya ce, tare da amfani da magunguna da kayan abinci iri -iri.
- Ruwan teku - Ko da yake a kallon farko yana kama da wani abu mai kama da juna, yana da cakuda iri -iri, yawanci yana dakatar da barbashi kuma abun da ke cikinsa yana canzawa sosai. Babban abin da ke cikinsa shine sodium chloride (wanda ke ba shi gishirin halayensa), amma kuma yana ƙunshe da wasu gishirin da galibi ana amfani da su a cikin kayan shafawa, masana'antar kemikal, da sauransu.
- Haɗin man girki - Wannan shi ne abin da ake ƙera man da aka ƙera daga fiye da ɗaya nau'in dabino. mafi yawan cakuda shine na man sunflower da masara. Suna samar da cakuda iri ɗaya.
- Jini - cakuda iri -iri ne wanda ya ƙunshi plasma, sel, haemoglobin da sauran abubuwa da yawa.
- Sabulun bandaki - shi ma cakuda iri -iri ne, ana samun sa ta hanyar haɗa salts na dogayen kitse mai kitse tare da kayan ƙanshi, masu launi, glycerin, da sauransu.
- Kasa - wannan cakuda ne mai banbanci, yana ɗauke da barbashi ma'adanai, kayan abu, microorganisms, iska, ruwa, kwari, tushe da ƙari.
- Giya
- Maganin tari - Syrups gabaɗaya dakatarwa ne (nau'in cakuda iri -iri), tare da ƙananan barbashi waɗanda basa narkewa gaba ɗaya, waɗanda aka haɗa su da abubuwa kamar kauri, masu launi, da sauransu.
- Ruwa tare da yashi - cakuda iri -iri, rairayin rairayi da rabe -raben kafa ƙananan lokaci.
- Kofi tare da sukari - Idan kofi ne mai narkewa, zai sami cakuda iri ɗaya, tare da narkar da sukari a ciki.
- Mai shayarwa a cikin ruwa - yawanci wannan emulsion ne, saboda haka cakuda iri -iri.
- Yaduwar bleach - Yana da cakuda iri ɗaya wanda aka yi amfani da shi sosai don tsaftacewa da tsabtace jiki, kuma azaman bleach. Wannan cakuda ya ƙunshi chlorine mai aiki.
- Barasa mai magani - cakuda iri ɗaya na ethanol a cikin ruwa, ana bayyana yawan sa a cikin digiri (wanda aka fi sani shine barasa 96 °)
- Tincture na iodine - amfani dashi azaman maganin kashe kwari
- Tagulla - Yana cakuda jan ƙarfe da kwano, wanda ake kira alloy, wanda ke haɗa kaddarorin waɗannan abubuwan.
- Mayonnaise - cakuda ƙwai, mai da wasu abubuwan da aka gyara.
- Siminti - Cakuɗɗen limestone da yumɓu, yana da keɓantaccen saiti ko taurin kan saduwa da ruwa, shi ya sa ake amfani da shi wajen gini.
- Gashi gashi
- Maganin takalmi
- Madara
Karin bayani?
- Haɗuwa iri -iri
- Menene cakudawa iri ɗaya?
- Menene cakuda iri -iri?
