Wadatacce
The dyslexia matsala ce ta asalin jijiyoyin da ke tattare da koyon karatu da rubutu.
Wadanda ke fama da wannan cuta sun yarda da jayayya cewa dyslexia yana hana karanta kalmomin daidai tunda a bayyane an canza haruffa (tabo ko motsawa akan takarda).
Wannan canjin baya nuna cewa mutumin da ke da cutar dyslexia yana da matsala wajen fahimta ko akwai wani nau'in raunin hankali. A akasin wannan, gabaɗaya magana, mutanen da ke da dyslexia Suna son fahimtar taken taken daidai lokacin da wani ya karanta su, amma ba za su iya aiwatar da irin wannan bayanin ba lokacin da dole ne su karanta taken da kansu.
Wanene zai iya samun dyslexia?
A halin yanzu dyslexia ana gano shi a lokacin ƙuruciya (daga makarantar yaron), yana da mahimmanci a faɗi cewa wannan wahalar na iya ja zuwa cikin balaga. A saboda wannan dalili akwai jiyya ga yara da manya tare da dyslexia.
A wasu lokuta, dyslexia yana da alaƙa da rashin fahimta da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na dogon lokaci, wahalar rarrabe dama daga hagu. Bugu da ƙari, matsaloli na iya tasowa a cikin fahimtar yanayi na ɗan lokaci.
Yana da mahimmanci a nuna hakan babu mutane biyu masu kama da dyslexia. Don haka, dole ne a kimanta kowace harka ta wata hanya ta musamman.
Don haka, nau'in guda ɗaya kawai gwaji don kimanta dyslexia yana iya zama da amfani ga wasu mutane kuma ba dadewa ga wasu.
Misalan gwaje -gwaje don dyslexia
1. Gwajin tantance Piaget da Heat (psychomotor)
Waɗannan gwaje -gwajen sun ƙunshi aikace -aikacen Gwajin Piaget da Heat don yin a gane tsarin jikin da yaro ya yi.
2. Gwajin kimantawa na ƙarshen zamani (ƙwarewar psychomotor)
Don wannan, nau'in gwajin da aka sani da Gwajin Harri, wanda ake kimanta fifikon laterality. An gwada wannan gwajin ta hanyar samun motsa jiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci.
Mamaye hannun. An nemi yaron ya yi koyi da hannunsa:
- Yadda ake jefa ƙwallo
- Yadda ake goge hakora
- Yadda ake tuka ƙusa
- Kafa fensir
- Yanke takarda da almakashi
- don rubutawa
- Yanke da wuka
Mamallakin kowace kafa. Don yin wannan, ana buƙatar ku yi gwaje -gwaje masu zuwa. Ana tambayar ku:
- Rubuta harafi da kafar
- Hopping da ƙafa ɗaya
- Kunna kafa ɗaya
- Yi tafiya sama da ƙasa mataki ɗaya da ƙafa ɗaya
- Iseaga kafa ɗaya akan kujera
Hakanan ana iya yin gwaje -gwajen don lura da yanayin mamayar ido (lura ta hanyar na'urar hangen nesa ko kaleidoscope) ko kimantawa mamayar kunne daya (saurara ta hanyar kawo kunnenka ga bango ko bene).
3. Gwajin tantance sararin samaniya (psychomotor)
Za a iya yin kimantawa game da tsinkayen sararin samaniya na ɗan lokaci ta amfani da gwajin gestalt da ake kira Bender gwajin.
4. Kayan Aikin Bincike na Kan Layi - Ƙimar Bincike
Kodayake irin wannan kayan aikin ba zai ba mu ainihin sakamako ba (kuma kamannin ƙwararre wanda zai bincika daga baya zai zama daidai), ana iya cewa irin wannan gwajin yana kusantar da mu kusa da yiwuwar kusantar matsalar da mutum ke fama da ita.
Ana iya amfani da irin wannan gwajin a cikin yara tsakanin 6 zuwa 11 da ½ shekara.
Tambayoyi akai -akai
- Shin yaron yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don fara furta kalmomin daidai?
- Kuna maimaita haruffa da / ko lambobi akai -akai?
- Don fahimtar ƙari ko ragi Kuna buƙatar tallafin gani? Shin kun sha wahalar fahimtar waɗannan ayyukan?
- Kuna buƙatar jagora (yatsa, mai mulki, da sauransu) don samun damar bin karatun daidai?
- Lokacin da kuke rubutu, kuna raba kalmomin ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba kuma ku haɗa su da wasu?
- Yana da wahala ku faɗi dama daga hagu?
- Kuna da wahalar karantawa ko rubutu fiye da sauran yaran da shekarunsu suka kai?
- Lokacin rubutu, kuna yawan barin wasiƙar ƙarshe ta kowace kalma?
- Lokacin da kuke rubutu, kuna rikitar da haruffan haruffa kuma ku rubuta su a madadin?
- Lokacin da kuke karantawa, ba za ku iya zama shiru ba kuma kuna buƙatar ɗaukar fensir, karce, da sauransu?
A wannan yanayin amsoshin na iya zama "eh" ko "a'a". Ƙarin amsoshin tabbatattun abubuwan da yaron yake da su, hakan yana ƙaruwa da yawan dyslexia da suke da shi.
5. DST-J
Irin wannan gwajin kuma ya shafi yara tsakanin 6 zuwa 11 da ½ shekara. Yanayin aikace -aikacen sa na mutum ne kuma yakamata ya kasance tsakanin mintuna 25 zuwa 45.
Ta hanyar wannan gwajin, ana gudanar da jerin gwaje -gwaje waɗanda suka ƙunshi sassa 12:
- Tabbacin suna
- Gwajin daidaitawa
- Gwajin karatu
- Gwajin kwanciyar hankali
- Gwajin rarrabuwa na waya
- Gwajin gwaji
- Gwajin ƙamus
- Juya Sanya Lambobin Gwaji
- Gwajin karatun banza
- Kwafi hujja
- Gwajin ƙwarewar magana
- Gwajin gwaji ko ƙamus
6. Gwajin gwaji na dyslexia na musamman
Mataki # 1 - Suna haruffa
Ana sanya haruffa daban -daban kuma ana tambayar mutumin "nuna sunan kowane harafi”.
Mataki na 2 - Sautin haruffa
Ana aiwatar da wannan hanyar da ta gabata amma ana sanya haruffa daban -daban kuma ana buƙatar mutum ya yi sautin harafin da aka ce.
Mataki na 3 - Siffofin harafin
A wannan yanayin, ana sanya haruffa daban -daban amma ana tambayar mutum ya ambaci sautin daidai. Misali: "SA"
Motsa jiki na iya zama mafi rikitarwa idan gwaje -gwaje na:
- Sassan kalmomi tare da baƙaƙe masu ma'ana ɗaya ko biyu
- Shirye -shiryen tare da "U". Misali "Guwa".
7. EDIL
Wani nau'in kimantawa ne da aka saba amfani da shi tantance saurin, daidaito, da fahimtar karatu.
8. TCP
Gwaje -gwaje ne da ke ba da damar tantance hanyoyin karatu a cikin yara tsakanin shekaru 6 zuwa 16.
9. Prolec-R
Ta hanyar wannan dabara muna gwadawa fahimci karatun karatu da kowane mai karatu ke yi domin ya iya gano inda wahalar ta fito.
10. Prolec-SE
Ana iya yin irin wannan gwajin a cikin yara tsakanin shekaru 6 zuwa 10. Kimanta da ma'anoni, syntactic da lexical matakai.
11. T.A.L.E
Yi cikakken kimantawa na mutumin da zai iya ƙayyade a wane yanki wahala ke faruwa kuma a tantance ko dyslexia ce ko a'a.
Yana da mahimmanci a ambaci cewa waɗannan gwaje -gwajen don jagora ne kawai, kuma ana ba da shawarar shiga tsakani da gano ƙwararrun.
