Ƙwari

Wadatacce

• Halaye na mites
• Ire -iren kwari
• Cutar alerji
• Misalan mites

A karkashin sunan Ƙwari an haɗa zuwa babban tarin ƙaramin arachnids (ɗan milimita kaɗan kawai), waɗanda ke cikin tsofaffin sanannun halittun ƙasa, tunda akwai burbushin kusan shekaru miliyan 400.

An rarraba su a cikin mazaunan ƙasa da na ruwa, da kuma cikin yanayin birni da na gida, galibinsu masu farauta ne da ƙwayoyin cuta, kodayake akwai bambance -bambancen da ke ciyar da tsirrai da ɓata kwayoyin halitta (detritophages).Sau da yawa su ne ke haifar da cututtuka da farin ciki a cikin mutane da sauran dabbobin.

Duk da cewa akwai nau'ikan kwari kusan 50,000 da aka bayyana, an kiyasta cewa akwai tsakanin 100,000 zuwa 500,000 waɗanda har yanzu ba a gano su ba.

Yana iya ba ku: Misalan Parasitism

Halaye na mites

Ƙwari An rarrabe su a cikin aji na arachnidsSabili da haka, yana raba wasu sifofi na sifofi tare da dabbobi irin su gizo -gizo da kunama: jiki mai rarrafe ko lessasa wanda aka rufe da chitin exoskeleton, nau'i -nau'i na kafafu huɗu da biyu na chelicerae (pincers) waɗanda ke ba da abinci. A cikin bambance -bambancen parasitic, waɗannan ƙa'idodin an daidaita su don ƙyallen fata kuma su tsotse jini ko wasu muhimman abubuwa.

Mazaunan mitsitsin su ne, kamar yadda muka faɗa, sun bambanta sosai, suna iya samun su ko da a zurfin mita 5000 a cikin teku; Duk da haka, Ya zama ruwan dare a same su a cikin gidajen mu, an saka su cikin darduma, dabbobi masu cushe, barguna da kwanciya, saboda suna cin guntun fata da jikin mu ya bari.

Hakanan sun zama ruwan dare a cikin fur ko furen dabbobi da kwari da yawa.. Wasu bambance-bambancen na iya zama kwari na aikin gona ko haifar da cututtukan da aka haifa, kamar scabies (psoriasis).

Ire -iren kwari

Dangane da abincin su, zamu iya rarrabewa tsakanin nau'ikan mite guda huɗu:

• Parasites. Suna ciyar da fata ko jinin dabbobi, gami da mutane, suna haifar da lalacewa da cututtukan fata.
• Mafarauta. Suna ciyarwa microorganisms, ƙananan arthropods ko wasu ƙananan arachnids.
• Detritophages. Suna ciyarwa kwayoyin sharar gida shuke -shuke da sauran dabbobi suka bari, kamar sikeli, guntun fata, gashi, da sauransu.
• Phytophages da mycophagi. Suna ciyar da tsire -tsire, kayan lambu da fungi.

Cutar alerji

Yawancin kwari yawanci ba su da lahani. Duk da haka, kujerunku da gawar mitsitsin munanan suna cikin manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin lafiyan jiki da asma a cikin mutane. Alamu na yau da kullun na irin wannan rashin lafiyar sun haɗa da atishawa, cunkoso, hanci mai ƙarfi, tari, idanun ruwa da / ko launin fata.

Ana ba da shawarar isasshen isasshen isasshen ɗakuna, guje wa tarawar danshi, kazalika da tsabtace yau da kullun tare da ruwan zafi (fiye da 60 ° C) na darduma, ƙaramin tsana da kwanciya, har da bayyanar da katifa da matashin kai a cikin lokaci. rana.

Misalan mites

1. Ƙurar ƙura. Mite na '' gama gari '', ba shi da lahani, kodayake ana iya danganta shi da rashin lafiyar numfashi da fata. Yana yiwuwa a same shi ko'ina a cikin gidajen mu, akan sofas da cushions, akan darduma, inda suke cin abincin sharar gida kowane iri. Suna cikin tsarin tsabtace muhalli na cikin gida.
2. Scabies mite. Babban dalilin scabies, Ciwon da ke damun mutum da sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa, wanda ke haifar da amya da ciwon fata. Wannan shi ne saboda waɗannan mites suna haƙa ramuka a cikin yadudduka na nama, inda suke ciyarwa da saka ƙwai, suna hana raunuka warkewa da kyau. Ana iya yada wannan cuta daga wani mai rai zuwa wani tare da sauƙaƙawar fatar jikinsu, amma galibi yana buƙatar yanayin rashin tsafta don ci gaba.
3. Tick. Sanannen tikiti, wanda ke lalata nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa (shanu, karnuka, kuliyoyi) har ma suna iya ciyar da mutane, a zahiri wani nau'i ne na babban tsutsotsi. Ba wai kawai dabbobi masu ban haushi ba ne, har ma da masu ɗauke da munanan cututtuka, irin su zazzabin cizon sauro, cutar Lyme ko wasu nau'ikan cututtukan inna tare da cizon su kawai.
4. Tsutsawar tsuntsu. Wadannan mites tsotsar jini (suna cin jini) suna ragargaza tsuntsaye, musamman kaji, kuma a wasu lokutan suna iya yaduwa har ta kai ga dabbobin da suke cin jinin su ke da jini. Yana da yawa a same su a cikin kaji, turkey da dabbobi da ake kiwon su da yawa, tunda a cikin waɗannan lokuta suna iya wucewa daga wata dabba zuwa wata kuma su ci gaba da kamuwa da cutar.
5. Red mite. Sunan kimiyya Panonychus ulmi, Wannan mite na phytophagous na kwatankwacin bishiyoyin 'ya'yan itace kuma ana ɗaukar shi kwaro na bazara. Suna son yin hibernate a cikin yanayin kwai kuma suna fitowa a cikin bazara a ƙarƙashin ganyen, waɗanda ke bushewa da faɗi sakamakon hakan.
6. Red gizo -gizo. Wani lokaci rikicewa tare da ja mite, da Tetranychus urticae Hakanan kwaro ne na gama gari na bishiyoyin 'ya'yan itace, wanda ake samu a cikin nau'ikan tsire -tsire sama da 150 na mahimmancin aikin gona. Galibi yana kan gefen ganyen, inda yake saƙa wani nau'in gizo -gizo (saboda haka sunansa).
7. Cuku mite. Wannan mite galibi yana kai hari ga chees ɗin da aka adana na dogon lokaci: ana lura da kasancewar sa a bakin ruwa mai launin toka da launin toka, inda ake samun mites na rayuwa, ƙwai da feces ɗin su. Saduwa da waɗannan mites na iya haifar da dermatitis a cikin mutum.
8. Warehouse mite ko weevil. Wani nau'in mite na gida, wanda galibi yana bayyana a cikin kabad, inda yake ciyar da fulawa, taliya da sauran nau'ikan kayan lambu don amfani da kayan abinci, ko nau'ikan naman gwari wanda ya samo asali daga cikinsu. Wasu bambance -bambancen kamar Glycyphagus na cikin gida ko Suidasia medanensis suna da ikon samar da rashin lafiyan cikin mutane.
9. Ciwon kwari. Wannan mite, wanda ke shafar amfanin gona na kusan nau'ikan shuka iri 30, daga itacen inabi zuwa pistachio, wanda aka fi sani da scab a yankunan aikin gona na Spain. A kan ganyen, ana iya gane su ta hanyar ɗigon baƙi (necrotic) waɗanda suke barin tare da jijiyoyin su, amma suna iya cutar da kowane yanki na shuka.
10. Ƙasa mite. Waɗannan dabbobin suna cikin mafi yawa da suka wanzu, suna warwatse a kan benayen gandun daji, filayen noma ko duk wani yanayin muhalli wanda ke ba su ɗimbin kwayoyin halitta don ƙasƙantar da su. Su, a wannan ma'anar, wani muhimmin sashi ne na sake zagayowar kwayoyin halitta kuma su ne mafi ƙarancin haɗin gwiwa a cikin sarkar abinci.