Wadatacce
Thena'urorin shigarwa Su ne waɗanda ke cika aikin shigar ko bayar da bayanai da siginar sarrafawa zuwa sashin sarrafawa na tsakiya na tsarin. A mafi yawan lokuta muna magana ne game da na’urorin shigarwa don na’urorin da ke da alaƙa da sashin kwamfuta na tsakiya, wato CPU.
Kamar yadda aka ce, babban aikin kwamfuta shine sarrafa bayanai, don haka ana iya cewa tarihin sarrafa kansa da kansa shine tarihin kwamfutar. tsaftace hanyoyin sarrafawa:
Farawa daga 1970, a cikin abin da aka sani da ƙarni na huɗu na kwamfutoci, mafi mahimmancin bidi'a shine microprocessors (ko kwakwalwan kwamfuta), wanda ya haifar da juyi a cikin al'amuran sarrafa bayanai: saurin sarrafawa yana haɓaka umarnin 770,000 a sakan na biyu. Ana iya yin kwamfutar da ƙanƙanta da yawa, ga iyalai, kuma ba ta da tsada sosai.
Tun shekarar 1985, kirkire -kirkire a cikin kwamfutoci ya fi mai da hankali kan shigar da kalaman sauti tare da tsarin mara waya, da kuma ta hanyar bayyanar robotics: cybernetics yana haɓaka cikin sauri da sauri kuma haɗin kai tsakanin kwamfutoci yana buƙatar gabatar da ƙarin ingantattun hanyoyi don shigar da bayanai.
Babban rabo tsakanin na'urorin, to, an yi shi gwargwadon aikin su dangane da sarrafawa:
- Na’urorin shigarwa: Suna ba da bayanai ga kwamfuta don sarrafawa.
- Na'urorin fitarwa: Suna da mahimmanci don haifuwa da gabatar da bayanai ga masu amfani.
Duk da haka akwai wasu lokuta na na'urori masu gauraye ko matasan, wanda a lokaci guda ke aikawa da karɓar sigina zuwa sassa daban -daban na kwamfutar: sabbin ƙarni na na'urori kamar allon taɓawa, linzamin kwamfuta ko na'urar daukar hotan takardu misalai ne na wannan.
Misalan na'urorin shigarwa
| 1. Fensir na gani: Ana amfani da na'urar nunawa akan allon. |
| 2. Mouse: Na'urar aiki don kewaya allon kwamfuta. |
| 3. Kariyar tabawa: Allon da aka ƙera don gane matsin lamba akan farfajiya. Ta taɓa allon, mai amfani zai iya yin zaɓi ko motsa siginan kwamfuta, daidai da linzamin kwamfuta. |
| 4. Scanner. |
| 5. Joystick: Na'urar nuni da ake amfani da ita sau da yawa a wasannin kwamfuta, kodayake ita ma gama -gari ce a aikace -aikacen masana'antu don sarrafa na'urori. |
| 6. Lambar sikelin lambar: Ta hanyar Laser yana yiwuwa a karanta zane -zanen da aka ƙera ta sanduna da wurare masu layi ɗaya, don haka shigar da bayanai. |
| 7. Allon madannai: Mafi yawan lokuta, tare da maɓallai 62 gami da duk lambobi da haruffa, gami da jerin umarni. |
| 8. Allon madannai: Yana da amfani ga tsarin kwamfuta, yana da haruffa 13 masu daidaitawa. |
| 9. Kyamarar hoto na dijital: Yana haɗi zuwa kwamfutar kuma yana watsa hotunan da take ɗauka zuwa gare ta. Zai iya kasancewa daga hotuna ko bidiyo. |
| 10. Gidan yanar gizo: Kamar kamara amma ƙarami, ba nuna hotunan da take ɗauka ba amma kawai watsa su zuwa kwamfutar. |
Yana iya ba ku:
- Misalan Na'urorin Fitarwa
