Wadatacce
The aluminum Shi ne sinadarin sinadarai na uku mafi girma a cikin ɓawon ƙasa, kuma ya kai kusan kashi 7% na yawansa. Labari ne a kashe-farin da ƙarfe na azurfa, halin kasancewa mai tsayayya da lalata.
An gano shi a farkon ƙarni na 19, ta masanin kimiyyar Jamus Friedrich Wohler wanda ya sami damar ware shi cikin tsarkin sa, ya sami abin da ya keɓe wanda yake da haske sosai, kuma na biyu mafi kyawun ƙirar ƙarfe da ke wanzu.
Properties na sunadarai
Kamar yadda aka ce, aluminium yana cikin rukunin karafa, wanda ya kasance mai taushi da gabatar in mun gwada low narkewa maki. Yanayin aluminium (wanda alamar sinadarinsa Al ne) yana da ƙarfi a cikin yanayin sa, kuma yana da narkar da digon Kelvin 933.47 (digiri Celsius 661.32) da tafasar maki 2792 na Kelvin (2519, 85 digiri Celsius).
Hakanan: Misalan kayan da kaddarorin su
Daga ina ake ciro shi?
Aluminum, wanda shine muhimmin abu kuma mai amfani a cikin samar da ɗan adam, An fi fitar da shi daga bauxite wanda shine nau'in yumɓu wadata a wasu ƙasashe kamar Amurka.
Wannan tambayar hakar tana da mahimmanci saboda, kodayake aluminium abu ne mai yawan gaske a yanayi, ba a taba gabatar da shi kyauta amma yana yin hakan a hade. Shi ya sa ba za a iya fitar ko amfani da babban ɓangaren aluminium a cikin ƙasa ba (galibi abin da ke cikin duwatsu).
Duba kuma:
- Daga ina ake hako man?
- Daga ina ake samun zinariyar?
- Daga ina ake ciro ƙarfe?
- Daga ina ake samun gubar?
Aluminum aiki
Nau'i biyu na sarrafa masana'antu galibi ana rarrabe su don samun aluminium:
- Tsarin Bayer: Tsarin yana farawa ta hanyar niƙa bauxite, da magance shi da lemun tsami (CaO) mai zafi. An yi kauri mafi kauri, wanda yashi ne, tare da wannan hanyar, yana barin cakuda da aka ba shi izinin yin sanyi har sai da ƙarfi. An gauraya wannan daskararren da ruwa kuma an ƙera shi, ta yadda za a sami aluminium da kanta.
- Tsarin Hall-Héroult: Anan abin da ake yi shine rage Aluminum cation wanda ke da ions tabbatacce 3 zuwa wanda bashi da caji. Abin da ake yi shine wucewar wutan lantarki ta cikin sel mai amsawa, wanda yana buƙatar narkar da aluminium da aka haɗe da oxygen. Wani lokaci ana gauraya shi da cryolite domin zafin narkewa ya yi ƙasa, don kar a buƙaci masu sarrafa injin da ke aiki da irin wannan zafin zafin don samun aluminium.
Amfani da aluminum
Menene aluminum don? Ana iya tabbatar da mahimmancin samun aluminium a yawan amfani da wannan kashi ke da shi a masana'antar:
- Ana amfani da shi don ƙera babban adadi na gwangwani kuma na tsare, ya saba a kunshe.
- Minting na tsabar kudi sau da yawa yana amfani da aluminum.
- Ana ƙara aluminium zuwa man fetur.
- Mafi yawan cabling na birane an yi shi da aluminum.
- Masts na jiragen ruwa masu tafiya galibi an yi su ne da aluminum.
- The kayan gida kusan koyaushe ana yin su da aluminium.
- Hanyoyin sufuri suna da babban adadin aluminium, daga cikinsu akwai motoci, jirage, manyan motoci, jiragen kasa, kwale -kwale da kekuna.
- Ƙarfin ɗaukar zafi yana sa ana amfani da aluminium a cikin lantarkidon kaucewa yawan zafi.
- The fitilun titi galibi ana yin su da wannan kayan
- A cikin Maganin ruwa galibi aluminium yana da hannu.
Mai dorewa
Mafi yawan mahimmancin aluminium shine kasancewa abu mai dorewa, tunda kiyaye matakan samarwa na yanzu (ko girma a ƙimar da yake yi), an kiyasta cewa san bauxite reserves zai šauki daruruwan shekaru. Bugu da ƙari, kusan duk samfuran aluminium ana iya maimaita su akai -akai don samar da sabbin samfura, ba tare da rasa ƙimar ƙarfe da kaddarorin sa ba.
