Yanayin adabi

Wadatacce

• Misalan hanyoyin adabi

The yanayin adabi ko ƙungiyoyin adabi an ayyana su kamar haka ta hanyar gabatar da halaye daban -daban da ke bambanta su da sauran ƙungiyoyin adabi ko raƙuman ruwa. Gabaɗaya, marubutan ayyukan da kansu ne ke nemo halayen da ayyukan ke da alaƙa da alaƙa da al'amuran yau da kullun.

Musamman ma yanayin adabi an rubuta su a wani lokaci kuma, sakamakon haka, al'adu, sifofi da salo na kowane lokaci suka rinjayi su. Kodayake ana iya lura da waɗannan a cikin adabi, filin su yana faɗaɗa kuma za su iya fahimtar fasaha gaba ɗaya, gami da zane, sassaka, gine -gine, kiɗa, da sauransu.

Akwai igiyoyin adabi da yawa tunda waɗannan na iya ɗaukar shekaru da yawa ko kuma su kasance na ɗan gajeren lokaci.

Misalan hanyoyin adabi

Adabin Zamani

1. Littafin littafin Baena
2. Littafin littafin Stúñiga
3. Coplas akan mutuwar mahaifinsa ta Jorge Manrique
4. Archpriest of Hita, littafin ƙauna mai kyau ta Juan Ruiz
5. El Cantar del Mío Cid (karni na 11) (ba a sani ba)
6. Ƙididdigar Lucanor ta Don Juan Manuel
7. Littafin Apollonius
8. Marquis na Santillana
9. A cikin litattafan malamai da malaman addini suka rubuta
10. Mai wasa
11. Jarkoki
12. Legends na jarirai na Lara
13. Godiya ga Uwargidanmu na Gonzalo de Berceo
14. Ayyukan adabi na Alfonso X na Castilla

Adabin Renaissance

1. Beowlf (Saga na Jamus)
2. Decameron ta Giovanni Boccaccio
3. Waƙar Roldán (saga na Faransa)
4. Daga Lazarillo de Tormes,
5. Dante Alighieri's Comedy na Allah
6. Baroque ko Mutanen Espanya Zamanin Zinariya
7. The Nibelungs (Jamus saga)
8. Orlando furioso ta Ludovico Ariosto
9. Poem of Mine Cid (Saga na Mutanen Espanya)
10. Rerum vulgarium fragmenta na Francesco Petrarca Rerum

Neoclassicism

1. Harafin Maroko daga José cadalso
2. Abokai biyu da beyar daga Feliz María de Samaniego
3. Jakin Jawo da Tomás de Iriarte
4. Ee na 'yan matan Leandro Fernández de Moratín.
5. Kashi 1: Nasiha da farin cikin Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos.
6. Kashi 2: Soyayyar rayuwa ta Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos.
7. Cicada da tururuwa daga Feliz María de Samaniego
8. bankwana ga tsohon mutumin Juan Meléndez Valdés
9. Muryar mutanen Benito Gerónimo Feijoo
10. Tatsuniyoyin adabi na Tomás de Iriarte
11. Zomaye biyu na Tomás de Iriarte
12. Anacreontic ode zuwa dorila ta Juan Meléndez Valdés
13. Ode VII na menene ƙauna ta Juan Meléndez Valdés
14. Ode X na wadatar Juan Meléndez Valdés

Modernism: Gaskiya da Halitta

• Gaskiya:

1. Juanita la Larga na Gustavo Courbet
2. Faduwar Gidan Usher ta Edgar Allan Poe
3. Oliver Twist na Charles Dickens

• Halitta

1. Tatsuniyoyi ga Ninon ta Émile Zola
2. Doña Perfecta na Benito Pérez Caldos
3. Fortunata da Jacinta na Benito Pérez Caldos
4. Furucin Claude ta Émile Zola
5. Tambayar kona Emilia Pardo Bazán
6. Yanayin mahaifiyar Emilia Pardo Bazán
7. Ayyukan mawaƙin Amurka William Baker
8. Maraice na Médan ta Émile Zola
9. Marianela de Benito Pérez Caldos

Vanguardism: Bayyanawa, Futurism, Cubism, Dadaism, Halitta, Ultraism, Surrealism

1. Abun tausayi! da León Felipe
2. Agusta 1914 ta Vicente Huidobro
3. Hakikanin Ebony na Nicolás Guillén
4. Bird na Octavio Paz
5. Black Heralds na César Vallejo
6. Ode zuwa Rubén Darío ta José Coronel Urtecho
7. Waƙar XX ta Pablo Neruda
8. Una Risa y Milton na Jorge Luis Borges

Wallafe -wallafe

1. Mutumin da ke Tawaye daga Albert Camus
2. Kasancewa da Babu komai daga Jean-Paul Sartre
3. Nausea na Jean-Paul Sartre
4. Annobar Albert Camus
5. Duk maza suna mutuwa ta Simone de Beauvoir

Adabin Mata

1. Habila na Ana María Matute
2. Mafakar mata ta bakin ciki ta Marcela Serrano
3. Labarin Marmaret Atwood
4. Fiesta zuwa arewa maso yamma na Ana María Matute
5. Kasuwancin Ana María Matute
6. Mu da muke ƙaunar junanmu sosai ta Marcela Serrano
7. Don haka kar ku manta da ni game da Marcela Serrano

Littattafan almarar kimiyya

1. Isaac Asimov Foundation
2. Yaƙin Duniya na H.G Wells
3. Mafarkin Android na Tumakin Lantarki ta Philip K. Dick
4. Tafiya zuwa tsakiyar duniya ta Jules Verne

Adabin Amurka na Zamani

1. Denis Johnson Smoke Tree
2. Daular Richard Russo ta faɗi Lokacin Waƙoƙin mu ta Richard Powers
3. Don haka mun zo ƙarshen Joshua Ferris
4. Tsakiyar Turai ta William T. Vollman
5. Gileyad ta Marilynne Robinson
6. Wargi mara iyaka ', na David Foster Wallace
7. Babban titin Cormac McCarthy
8. Abubuwan ban mamaki na Kavalier da Klay na Michael Chabon
9. Rayuwar Lush ta Richard Price
10. Bad Earth: Mutanen Wyoming ta Annie Proulx
11. Pastoralia ta George Saunders.
12. Menene abin da Dave Eggers yayi
13. Thomas Pynchon nasa mataimakin

Adabin Hispanic Adabin Amurka na Zamani

1. Bikin auren Federico García Lorca
2. Shekaru ɗari na keɓewa daga Gabriel García Márquez
3. Mrs Bárbara de Rómulo Gallegos
4. Duniya mai faɗi ce kuma baƙi ce ta Ciro Alegría
5. Ramin Ernesto Sábato
6. Jorge Luis Borges almara
7. Garin da karnuka ta Mario Vargas Llosa
8. Tattaunawar Mario Benedetti
9. Kogin zurfin José María Arguedas
10. Pedro Páramo na Juan Rulfo
11. Platero y yo na Juan Ramón Jiménez
12. Trilce na César Vallejo
13. Wakokin soyayya guda ashirin da wakar da Pablo Neruda ya yanke