Wadatacce
Ta yaya ake samun barasa na ethyl?
The samun barasa ethyl ko ethanol Yana faruwa daga tushe guda biyu; mafi yawan adadin wannan masana'anta ana samun ta ne daga ƙosar da tsire -tsire kamar ƙanƙara.
Amma ba wai kawai zai yiwu a sami barasa na ethyl daga sucrose na ƙarar sukari ba, yana yiwuwa kuma a sami wannan fili daga sitaci na masara da cellulose na dazukan bishiyar citrus. Barasa ethyl da aka samo daga wannan ƙoshin yana haɗe da mai kuma ana amfani dashi azaman mai.
A gefe guda, kuma don amfani da masana'antu, ana samun wannan fili ta hanyar tsabtataccen ruwan sha na ethylene. Karshen (wanda ya fito daga ethane ko mai) gas ne mara launi wanda, gauraye da sulfuric acid a matsayin mai haɓakawa, yana samar da barasa ethyl. A sakamakon wannan kira, ana samun ethanol da ruwa. Daga baya tsarkakewarsa wajibi ne.
Samun ethanol daga rake
Haƙuri
Tsarin yana kunshe da ƙamshi (tare da amfani da yisti) molasses na ƙanƙara. Ta wannan hanyar dole ne a sami fermented. Hanyar fitar da barasa daga wannan dole ne ta matakan rarrabuwa.
Wannan fermentation yana haifar da canjin sunadarai a cikin sukari. Wannan yana faruwa ne ta hanyar abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin biochemical waɗanda ake kira enzymes. Waɗannan enzymes ana yin su ta ƙwayoyin halittu masu rai kamar nau'ikan fungi daban -daban. Mafi yawan amfani da irin wannan tsari shine Ma'aikatan Sacharomicies, wanda aka fi sani da giya yisti.
Sulfuric acid, penicillin, ammonium phosphate, sulfate zinc, manganese sulfate, da magnesium sulfate ana ƙara su a cikin yisti mai yin giya. Godiya ga wannan tsari, daga ƙwayar ƙwayar sucrose guda ɗaya, ana samun ƙwayoyin barasa guda huɗu (4).
Samun ruwan inabi mai tsabta
Bayan haka, ana amfani da farantin karfe da bututun ƙarfe na centrifuges don cire yisti. Wannan yana haifar da rarrabuwa a gefe ɗaya na yisti (tare da daidaitaccen kirim wanda za a iya sake amfani da shi don wani abin ƙonawa idan ana fuskantar isasshen abinci mai gina jiki da haɓakawa) kuma a ɗayan ɗayan dole ne ba tare da yisti wanda ke karɓar sunan ruwan inabi mai tsabta.
Shafin rarrabuwa
Lokacin da ruwan inabi mai tsabta ya shiga ginshiƙai, ana samun samfura guda biyu; stillage da phlegm. Yayin da ɓarna ba ta da barasa, phlegm yana da cakuda giya. Daga baya za a tsarkake su a cikin ginshiƙai kamar distillers amma waɗanda ake kira tsarkakewa.
Ginshiƙan goge -goge
Waɗannan masu tsabtace suna cimma rarrabuwa na giya daban -daban kamar esters, aldehydes, ketones, da sauransu (waɗanda kuma ake kira Muguwar Dadi Ethyl Alcohols).
Tsarin juyawa baya
Godiya ga tsarin juyawa, waɗannan Muguwar Dadi Barasa suna komawa zuwa shafi. Ta wannan hanyar, suna mai da hankali ga tsintsiyar da aka tsarkake. Wannan phlegm yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ginshiƙin gyara; kara mai da hankali ga tsaftatattun barasa.
Shafin mai gyarawa
Wannan ginshiƙan gyara na ƙarshe zai ƙarshe raba giya daban -daban. Don haka, a cikin ɓangaren ƙananan zai zama ruwa da manyan giya; Mummunan dandano da isopropyl alcohols za su kasance a tsakiyar ɓangaren. A ƙarshe, a saman shafi, da dandano mai kyau ethyl barasa tare da kashi kusan 96 °.
