Kamfanoni na Jama'a, Masu zaman kansu da Cakuda

Wadatacce

• Misalan kamfanonin jama'a
• Misalan kamfanoni masu zaman kansu
• Misalai na haɗin gwiwa

Muna kira kamfanin ga kowane irin ƙungiya ko tsarin ɗan adam wanda aka tsara, wanda ayyukansa ke bi na kasuwanci ko manufofin tattalin arziki ta hanyar biyan buƙatun kaya da / ko sabis na takamaiman al'umma, wanda zai iya zama daidaikun mutane, wasu kamfanoni ko cibiyoyin jihohi.

Dangane da kundin tsarin mulkin hannun jarin su da asalin babban birnin su, suna iya samun martaba fiye ko doasa ga halaka ko ga manufofin aikin gwamnati. Dangane da haka, ana iya rarrabasu azaman:

• Kamfanonin jama'a. Jihar ita ce mai ita ko a kowane hali mafi yawan masu hannun jari. Suna son bin manufofin zamantakewa fiye da riba ko, a cikin matsanancin hali, har ma da riba. Bai kamata a ruɗe su da kashe kuɗin jama'a ta cibiyoyin jihohi ba.
• Kasuwanci masu zaman kansu. Ƙaddamar da babban birnin mai zaman kansa, ko dai daga mai gida ɗaya ko daga ƙungiyar masu hannun jari. Riba da riba galibi manyan abubuwan da kuka sa a gaba.
• Kamfanoni masu haɗin gwiwa ko masu zaman kansu. Babban birninta ya fito daga bangarorin masu zaman kansu da na jihohi, gwargwadon abin da ba ya ba da izinin sarrafa jama'a na kamfanin, amma yana ba da tabbacin wasu tallafin.

Misalan kamfanonin jama'a

1. Petróleos de Venezuela (PDVSA). Kamfani ne mai amfani da mai (ɗaya daga cikin manyan a Latin Amurka) mallakar ƙasar Venezuelan 100%.
2. Kamfanonin jiragen sama na Argentina. Kamfanin jirgin sama mallakar Jihar Argentina, wanda yawan sa galibi ke samun dama ga yawan jama'a, yayin da yake ci gaba da fafatawa a kasuwar duniya.
3. Petrobras. Babban kamfanin mai da iskar gas na Brazil, shi ma mallakar jama'a ne.
4. Statoil. Kamfanin mai na jihar Norway, ɗayan manyan a kasuwar Scandinavia.
5. Bankin Madrid. Caja de Ahorros da Monte Piedad de Madrid, tsofaffin bankunan ajiya a Spain.
6. Kamfanin Rediyo da Talabijin na Spain (RTVE). Kamfani ne na kasuwanci na jihar wanda ke sarrafa sarrafa kai tsaye na bakan rediyo na Spain.
7. Filayen Man Fiscal (YPF). Kamfanin jihar Argentina na reshen hydrocarbons.
8. Infonavit. Cibiyar Asusun Gidajen Ƙasa na Ma'aikata, wata cibiya ce ta ƙasar Mekziko wacce ke ba da kuɗin gidaje ga ma'aikata kuma tana ba da kuɗin shiga ga asusun ajiyar jama'a don gudanar da ayyukan fansho.
9. Kamfanin Port na Chilean (EMPORCHI). Kamfanin da har zuwa 1998 yayi aiki a matsayin mai kula da kadarori, kiyayewa da amfani da tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Chile.
10. Nippon Hoso Kyokai(NHK). Kamfanin Watsawa na Japan, wanda aka fi sani da masu watsa shirye -shiryen jama'a na Japan.

Duba kuma: Misalan Kamfanonin Jama'a

Misalan kamfanoni masu zaman kansu

1. Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria (BBVA). Ƙasa ce ta bankin Spain, tare da babban tasiri kan ayyukan kuɗi a Latin Amurka da kamfani na biyu mafi girma na Spain ta yawan kadarori.
2. Kamfanin Eastman Kodak. Kamfanin almara na ƙasashen duniya na Amurka, wanda aka sadaukar don samar da kayan daukar hoto: kyamarori, kayan haɗi da kayan aiki iri iri.
3. Kamfanin Jirgin Sama na Panama (Copa Airlines). A cikin ƙawancen ƙawance tare da Arewacin Amurka United Airlines, yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin jiragen sama masu zaman kansu a Kudancin Amurka.
4. Hewlett Packard. An ƙirƙira shi a cikin 1939 kuma aka sani da HP, kamfani ne na samfuran kwamfuta na Arewacin Amurka, ɗayan mafi girma a duniya.
5. Microsoft. Manhajar software ta Amurka, tare da shugabanta Bill Gates, sun ja hankalin zama m da monopolistic sha'anin.
6. Nokia. Kamfanin Finnish na Sadarwa da fasaha, daya daga cikin mafi karfi kuma sananne a masana'antar.
7. Abincin Polar da Kamfanoni. Kamfanin Venezuelan ya sadaukar da kansa ga reshen masana'antar giya da samar da abinci daga masara da sauran albarkatun ƙasa.
8. Ƙungiyar Clarín. Kamfanin watsa labaru na Argentine, wanda aka yi la'akari da mafi girma kuma mafi ƙarfi na aikin jarida a cikin ƙasar, kazalika ɗayan mafi girma a duniyar Hispanic.
9. Kamfanin Kamfanin Nintendo Limited. Kamfanin wasan bidiyo na al'adu da yawa na asalin Japan, wanda aka kafa a 1889 kuma mafi girma a kasuwar duniya.
10. Volkswagen. Kamfanin Jamus a fannin kera motoci kuma ɗayan mafi girma a Turai, mafi girma a cikin ƙasa kuma ɗayan manyan a duniya.

Duba kuma: Misalan Kamfanonin Ƙasashe

Misalai na haɗin gwiwa

1. Bankin Aiki na Credicoop. Babban banki mai zaman kansa na Argentina tare da babban birnin ƙasa gaba ɗaya, shine babban bankin haɗin gwiwa a Latin Amurka.
2. Iberiya. Kamfanin jirgin saman Mutanen Espanya mafi kyau, an kafa shi a cikin 1985 tare da galibin babban birnin jama'a, kodayake wucewar lokaci yana ba da ikon mallakar shi.
3. Red Eléctrica de España. Babban mai siyar da makamashi na Spain yana riƙe da kashi 20% na hannun jarin jama'a sauran kuma masu zaman kansu ne.
4. Agroindustrias Inca Peru EIRL. Kamfanin Andean ya sadaukar da kansa don samar da zaitun da kayan lambu masu daskarewa.
5. Kamfanin Hadin Gwiwa na Ayyukan Jama'a na Acandí. Kamfanin Colombia don zubar da shara da tsabtace muhalli.
6. Haɗin Kamfanoni na Belt Oiloco. Hadin gwiwar Venezuelan da aka kirkira tsakanin Jiha da kamfanoni daban -daban na kasa da kasa, don amfani da iskar gas.
7. PetroCanada. Kamfanin hydrocarbon na Kanada wanda babban birninsa 60% na jama'a ne kuma 40% masu zaman kansu.
8. Shangheber. Kamfanin Sin-Cuba don kera interferon na ruwa, samfurin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin kamfanin Caribbean Heber-Biotec SA da Cibiyar Samfuran Halittu na Shangchun.
9. Kamfanin Lantarki na Ecuador. Kamfanin haɗin gwiwa ne wanda ya ba da wutar lantarki ga garin Guayaquil, a Ecuador, kuma babban birninta ya kasance Arewacin Amurka. Ya yi aiki har zuwa 1982, lokacin da aka rushe shi.
10. INVANIA. Kamfanin Argentine-Saudi wanda aka kirkira a cikin 2015 kuma wanda ke da niyyar haɓaka fasaha, musamman abin da ya shafi makamashin nukiliya.

Duba kuma: Misalai na Haɗin gwiwa