A mahaɗin sunadarai shine na sinadaran da ke samuwa daga haɗuwa abubuwa biyu ko fiye masu alaƙa a ƙarƙashin wani tsari kuma a cikin wasu rabbai. Shi ya sa akwai sinadarai masu guba da ba su da iyaka; har ma da haɗa nau'o'in atom biyu ko uku kawai. Haɗa carbon, oxygen, da atoms na hydrogen, alal misali, suna samar da mahadi iri -iri sukari, da glycogen da kuma cellulose.
Da yake akwai mahaɗan sunadarai da yawa, ana yawan haɗa su ta wata hanya don samun damar yin nazarin su. Wasu daga cikin manyan rukunonin sunadarai inorganic sune gishiri, oksid, acid; cikin kwayoyin halitta da furotin, da carbohydrates, da nucleic acid da kuma mai.
The kaddarorin mahaɗan sinadarai ba ɗaya suke da na abubuwan da ke samar da su ba. Kowane fili yana da sunan sunadarai (wanda ke amsa wasu ƙa'idodin suna) da dabara, wasu mahaɗan kuma suna samun suna mai kyau, kamar aspirin (wanda shine acetyl salicylic acid). Sunaye masu ƙyalƙyali suna da fa'ida musamman lokacin da ƙwayar ƙwayar ta kasance babba kuma mai rikitarwa, saboda yana da wahala a ba ta suna ta hanyar kwatanta ta da kalmomin sunadarai.
The dabarun sunadarai Yana nuna abin da abubuwa ke haɗa shi da adadin atom ɗin kowannensu. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa fom ɗin ke da haruffa, waɗanda sune alamomin sunadarai na abubuwa, da lambobi bayan kowane alama a cikin matsayi na ƙasa, wanda ke nuna adadin atom. A cikin wani sinadarin sinadaran da aka ba duk kwayoyin sa iri ɗaya ne.
The hanyoyin haɗi waɗanda ke riƙe da ƙwayoyin halittar da ke cikin ƙwayoyin halitta tare na iya zama covalent ko ionic. Abubuwan mallakar wani fili sun dogara, a wani ɓangare, akan nau'in haɗin. Tafasa da narkewa, narkewa, danko, da yawa, alal misali, wasu manyan kaddarorin jiki ne na mahaɗan sunadarai.
Ana kuma magana a wani lokaci kaddarorin nazarin halittu na mahadi, musamman a fagen likitanci da ilimin magunguna. Don haka, wasu mahadi suna da kaddarorin kumburi, wasu antipyretic, vasodilator, shakatawa na tsoka, maganin rigakafi, antifungal, da sauransu. Don sanin kaddarorin mahaɗan sunadarai dole ne a gudanar da gwaje -gwaje da ma'aunai da yawa.
Anan akwai jerin misalan mahaɗan sunadarai (ta sunadarai ko sunayensu na zato)
- Saccharose
- Glycerol
- Sodium hypochlorite
- Azurfa nitrate
- Calcium carbonate
- Copper sulphate
- Potassium permanganate
- Nitric acid
- Nitroglycerine
- Insulin
- Phosphatidylcholine
- Acetic acid
- Folic acid
- Vitamin D
- Lysine
- Putrescine
- Potassium iodide
- Sau uku superphosphate
- Pentachlorophenol
- Haemoglobin
