Wadatacce
Lokacin magana game da mahadi, ana yin alƙawarin gaba ɗaya mahadi sunadarai, wato a sinadaran da suka kunshi sinadarai guda biyu ko fiye da suka hadu ta wata hanya da gwargwado.
The physico-sunadarai Properties na mahadi ba iri ɗaya da na abubuwan sinadaran da ke haɗa shi daban.
Akwai dubban misalai na mahaɗan sunadarai a kusa da mu, na halitta da na roba, kowanne da halayensa. Daga gishirin tebur ko sukari da muke dafa abin da muke ci a kowace rana, ko sabulu da bleach da muke amfani da su don tsaftacewa, zuwa magungunan da muke sha don rage zafin ciwon mu ko warkar da kanmu daga cututtuka sun haɗa da sinadarai daban -daban.
Rarraba
Tun da akwai mahaɗan sunadarai da yawa, ana yawan ƙoƙarin gwada su ta wata hanya. Gaba ɗaya, an raba su zuwa manyan ƙungiyoyi biyu: kwayoyin halitta da inorganic mahadi:
- Kwayoyin halitta: Sun ƙunshi aƙalla carbon da hydrogen a cikin ƙwayoyin su, daga cikinsu akwai muhimman abubuwa kamar hydrocarbons, man fetur na gargajiya; sunadarai ko mai.
- Inorganic: Ba su ɗauke da carbon a matsayin babban abu, amma suna haɗa wasu abubuwa (kamar nitrogen, sulfur, iron, oxygen ko potassium), don samar salts, oxides, hydroxidesda acid. Ko ta yaya kebul ya fayyace cewa akwai salts da acid.
Dangane da nau'in haɗin da ke faruwa tsakanin abubuwan, zaku iya samun mahaɗan ionic ko covalent:
- Ionic mahadi: Ana haɗa su tare ta hanyar cation da anion ta hanyar jan hankali wanda bambancin cajin ya haifar.
- Haɗin mahaɗan: Ana raba electrons ɗin sa.
Abubuwan sunadarai yawanci suna wakiltar su tsarin tsari ko rabin ci gaba. Suna kuma taimakawa sosai wajen fahimtar yadda ake samar da sinadarai. uku-girma model, musamman idan sun kasance ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta masu rikitarwa tare da takamaiman ninki, kamar sunadarai.
Yana iya ba ku:
- Misalan Rukunin Kamfanoni
Misalan abubuwan sunadarai
An jera wasu mahaɗan sunadarai a ƙasa:
- Methylene blue
- Furotin chloride
- Ruwa
- Methane
- Streptomycin
- Ethanol
- Glycerol
- Sodium sulfate
- Calcium nitrate
- Glucose
- Cellobiose
- Xylitol
- Uric acid
- Chlorophyll
- Urea
- jan karfe sulphate
- Nitric acid
- Lactic acid
- Carbon monoxide
- Lactose
