Dokokin Kimiyya

Wadatacce

• Misalan dokokin kimiyya

The dokokin kimiyya sune shawarwarin da ke bayyana alaƙar dindindin tsakanin aƙalla abubuwa biyu. Ana ba da waɗannan shawarwari a cikin harshe na yau da kullun ko ma a cikin ilimin lissafi.

Ana tabbatar da dokokin kimiyya koyaushe, wato ana iya tabbatar da su.

• Dokokin kimiyya na iya nufin abubuwan mamaki, kuma a wannan yanayin ana kiran su dokokin halitta.
• Koyaya, suna kuma iya nufin abubuwan mamaki na zamantakewa, a cikin yanayin da aka tsara su Kimiyyar zamantakewa. Ana iya tabbatar da su saboda suna nuna halaye na gama gari ga al'amuran zamantakewa daban -daban. Kimiyyar zamantakewa na iya ayyana dokokin ɗabi'a. Koyaya, tare da wucewar lokaci ana iya gano cewa wasu dokokin kimiyyar zamantakewa ana amfani da su ne kawai a cikin wasu abubuwan tarihi.
• Dokokin kimiyya sun bayyana alaƙar alaƙa tsakanin magabata (sanadin) kuma sakamakon (sakamako).Duba: Misalan dalili da tasiri.

Duk Kimiyya An haɓaka su bisa ga dokokin kimiyya gaba ɗaya da takamaiman dokokin kowane horo.

Kafin fitar da doka, ya zama dole ga masanin kimiyya ko ƙungiyar masana kimiyya su furta a hasashe wanda daga nan ake tabbatar da shi ta hanyar kankare bayanai. Don hasashen ya zama doka, dole ne ya ayyana wani abu na yau da kullun kuma dole ne a gwada shi cikin yanayi daban -daban.

Misalan dokokin kimiyya

1. Dokar jayayya, da farko za a yi postulate.
2. Dokar jayayya, postulate na biyu.
3. Dokar Farko ta Newton. Dokar rashin ƙarfi. Isaac Newton masanin kimiyyar lissafi ne, mai ƙirƙira, kuma masanin lissafi. Ya gano dokokin da ke kula da kimiyyar lissafi. Dokar ta ta farko ita ce: "Kowane jiki yana jurewa cikin yanayin hutawa ko yunifom ko motsi na madaidaiciya, sai dai idan an tilasta masa canza yanayin sa, ta hanyar sojojin da suka burge shi."
4. Dokar Newton ta biyu. Dokar asali na kuzari.- "Canjin motsi yana daidai gwargwadon ƙarfin motsin da aka buga kuma yana faruwa gwargwadon madaidaicin layin da aka buga wannan ƙarfin."
5. Dokar Newton ta uku. Ka'idar aiki da amsawa. "Ga kowane aiki yayi daidai da amsa"; "Tare da kowane aiki ana samun daidaituwa da kishiya koyaushe, wato, ayyukan juna na ƙungiyoyi biyu koyaushe daidai suke kuma ana jagorantar su zuwa sabanin hanya."
6. Dokar Hubble: Dokar jiki. An kira dokar fadada sararin samaniya. Edwin Powell Hubble ne ya buga shi, masanin taurarin Ba’amurke na ƙarni na 20. Redshift na galaxy yayi daidai da nisan sa.
7. Dokar sirri: Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, masanin lissafin Faransa, masanin kimiyyar lissafi da injiniya. Dokar ta bayyana cewa, idan aka yi la’akari da hulɗar cajin maki biyu yayin hutawa, girman kowane ƙarfin wutar lantarki da suke hulɗa da shi ya yi daidai da samfur na girman cajin duka, kuma ya yi daidai da murabba’in nisan da raba su .. Hanyarta ita ce ta layin da ke haɗa kaya. Idan tuhumar ɗaya ce, ƙarfin yana da ban tsoro. Idan tuhume -tuhume na alamar kishiyar ne, sojojin suna da ban tsoro.
8. Dokar Ohm: Georg Simon Ohm ne ya furta, masanin kimiyyar lissafi da lissafi na Jamus. Yana kula da cewa yuwuwar bambancin V da ke tasowa tsakanin ƙarshen wani madugun adaidaita daidai gwargwado na I na yanzu wanda ke zagayawa ta hanyar madugu. Tsakanin V da I daidaitaccen ma'aunin shine R: juriyarsa ta lantarki.
   • Ilimin lissafi na Dokar Ohm: V = R. I
9. Dokar matsin lamba. Har ila yau, an san shi da Dokar Dalton, saboda masanin kimiyyar lissafi, masanin kimiyyar lissafi da lissafi John Dalton na Ingilishi ya tsara shi. Ya furta cewa matsi na cakuda iskar gas da ba ta amsa sunadarai daidai yake da jimlar matsin lamba na kowannensu akan girma ɗaya, ba tare da canza yanayin zafi ba.
10. Dokar Farko ta Kepler. Elliptical Orbits. Johannes Kepler masanin taurari ne kuma masanin lissafi wanda ya gano abubuwan da ba za a iya canzawa ba a cikin motsi na duniyoyin. Dokarsa ta farko ta bayyana cewa duk duniyoyin suna zagaya rana a cikin mazugun elliptical. Kowane ellipse yana da foci biyu. Rana tana cikin ɗayansu.
11. Dokar Kepler ta Biyu. Gudun taurari: "Vector radius wanda ya haɗu da duniyar wata kuma rana tana share wurare daidai a daidai lokacin."
12. Dokar Farko ta Thermodynamics. Ka'idar kiyaye makamashi. "Ba a halicci makamashi kuma ba a lalata shi, yana canzawa ne kawai."
13. Dokar ta biyu ta thermodynamics. A cikin yanayin daidaituwa, ƙimar da aka ƙaddara ta sigogin sifa na tsarin thermodynamic mai rufewa shine cewa suna haɓaka ƙimar wani girman wanda shine aikin waɗannan sigogi, wanda ake kira entropy.
14. Doka ta uku na thermodynamics. Sunan mahaifi Nernst. Yana aika abubuwan mamaki guda biyu: lokacin isa cikakkiyar sifili (sifilin Kelvin) duk wani tsari a cikin tsarin jiki yana tsayawa. Bayan isa cikakkiyar sifili, entropy ya kai ƙima da ƙima.
15. Archimedes 'ka'idar buoyancy. Wanda tsohon masanin ilimin lissafin Girkanci Archimedes ya furta. Doka ce ta zahiri wacce ke bayyana cewa jiki gaba ɗaya ko sashi ya nutse cikin ruwa yayin hutawa yana samun turawa daga ƙasa zuwa sama wanda yayi daidai da nauyin ƙarar ruwan da yake juyawa.
16. Dokar kiyaye abu. Dokar Lamonosov Lavoisier. "Jimlar yawan duk masu amsawa da ke da alaƙa suna daidai da jimlar duk samfuran da aka samu."
17. Dokar elasticity. Robert Hooke, masanin kimiyyar lissafi na Burtaniya. Yana kula da cewa, a lokuta na mikewa na tsawon lokaci, elongation naúrar da wani na roba abu yana daidai gwargwadon ƙarfin da aka yi amfani da shi.
18. Dokar gudanar da zafi. Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier, masanin lissafin Faransa da masanin kimiyyar lissafi ne ya buga shi. Yana riƙe da cewa, a cikin matsakaicin isotropic, canja wurin zafi yana gudana ta ciki tuki yana da daidaituwa kuma a cikin kishiyar juzu'i zuwa ma'aunin zafin jiki a cikin wannan shugabanci.