Wadatacce
Matter shine duk abin da ke da taro da jiki kuma ya mamaye wuri a sararin samaniya. Ana iya samuwa a cikin jihohi uku: ruwa, mai ƙarfi da gas. Kowace jiha tana da sifofi na zahiri waɗanda ke nuna ta.
Lokacin da aka fallasa al'amura ga manyan canje -canje a matsin lamba ko zafin jiki, yana iya samun canji a yanayin sa (daga m zuwa gas, daga ruwa zuwa ƙarfi, daga gas zuwa ruwa da akasin haka). A duk yanayin da canjin yanayin halitta ke faruwa, baya canzawa zuwa wani abu amma yana canza kamanninsa na zahiri ba tare da canza sinadaran sa ba.
Abubuwan da ke faruwa lokacin da kwayoyin halitta ke tafiya daga yanayi mai ƙarfi (yana da siffa mai siffa) zuwa yanayin gas (ba shi da ƙima ko siffa kuma yana faɗaɗa da yardar kaina), kuma akasin haka, sune:
- Sublimation. Phenomenon wanda kwayoyin halitta ke tafiya daga tsayayyen hali zuwa yanayin gas ba tare da shiga cikin yanayin ruwa ba. Misali: Mothballs waɗanda a hankali suke rushewa daga ƙarfi zuwa gaz, busasshen kankara (busasshiyar carbon dioxide). Abun yana shakar yawan kuzari daga muhallinsa.
- Kashe shaida ko sublimation. Phenomenon wanda kwayoyin halitta ke tafiya daga gaseous state zuwa m state. Ƙwayoyin gas ɗin suna manne da juna fiye da yadda suke yawanci kuma suna tafiya kai tsaye zuwa yanayin ƙarfi ba tare da shiga cikin yanayin ruwa ba. Irin wannan canjin ana bayar da shi gaba ɗaya ta raguwar zafin jiki kuma a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayin matsin lamba. Misali: samuwar dusar ƙanƙara ko sanyizuwa. Wannan tsari yana sakin makamashi.
Duk da haka, a mafi yawan lokuta sinadarin yana tafiya ne daga yanayin iskar gas zuwa yanayin ruwa (condensation) kuma daga can zuwa tsayayyen hali. Canjin daga gas zuwa m (kuma akasin haka) yana faruwa a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayi.
- Zai iya taimaka maka: Canje -canje na jiki
Misalai daga m zuwa gas (sublimation)
- Sulfur. Sublimates a cikin yanayin zafi a cikin gas tare da babban matakin guba.
- M iodine. Bayan sublimation yana canzawa zuwa gas mai launin shuɗi.
- Arsenic. A matsin lamba na ƙasa yana raguwa zuwa 613 ° C.
- Ice ko dusar ƙanƙara Yana iya sublimate a yanayin zafi kasa 0 ° C.
- Benzoic acid Sublimates sama da 390 ° C.
- Kafur. Sublimates a wani zazzabi.
- Dandalin dandano. Yana sublimates a hankali kamar naphthalene.
- Ƙarin misalai a cikin: Sublimation
Misalai daga Gaseous zuwa M (Reverse Sublimation)
- Soot. A cikin yanayin zafi da iskar gas, yana tashi, yana haɗuwa da bangon bututun hayaki kuma yana ƙarfafawa.
- Dusar ƙanƙara. Ƙananan yanayin zafi yana sa tururin ruwa a cikin gajimare ya zama dusar ƙanƙara.
- Crystals na iodine. Lokacin zafi, ana samar da tururi, wanda a cikin hulɗa da abu mai sanyi an sake canza shi zuwa lu'ulu'u na iodine.
