Misalan Halittun Heterotrophic - Encyclopedia

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Misalai na kwayoyin heterotrophic
Iya bauta maka

The kwayoyin heterotrophic Su ne wadanda dole ne su canza kwayoyin halittar sauran halittu don samun abubuwan gina jiki da kuzarin da ake buƙata don rayuwa. Sun bambanta daga autotrophic kwayoyin, mai iya haɗa abubuwan da ake buƙata don haɓaka su da rayuwa daga kayan inorganic.

Irin wannan ciyarwa yana buƙatar gaban gaban kwayoyin halitta don cinyewa da juyawa zuwa nasa kuma ya zama ruwan dare ga dukkan membobin kungiyar Masarautar dabba, namomin kaza, protozoa, yawancinsu kwayoyin cuta da arches. Tsire -tsire da kwayoyin phytocellular sune, a maimakon haka, autotrophs. Kuma akwai kwayoyin halittu masu iya hanyoyin ciyarwa guda biyu, da ake kira mixtotrophs.

Rayuwar ta kwayoyin heterotrophic, sannan, zai kasance cikin sharadin amfani da kwayoyin halitta (masu rai ko matattu, kamar yadda lamarin ya kasance) kuma saboda wannan suna da nau'ikan hanyoyin rayuwa masu iya fitar da abubuwan gina jiki na makamashi ko ƙimar tsarin. (lipids, sunadarai, carbohydrates) wanda daga nan zai hade jikinsu, ya kuma watsar da sauran ta wani tsarin fitar da jiki. Su ne, har zuwa wannan, manyan masu jujjuyawar kwayoyin halitta.

Yana iya ba ku: Misalai na Ƙungiyoyin Autotrophic

Misalai na kwayoyin heterotrophic

Awaki, shanu da dabbobin daji. A kan cin abinci mai cin ganyayyaki kawai, waɗannan dabbobin suna cirewa daga tsirrai duk abubuwan da ake buƙata don rayuwa da gina kyallen jikinsu, waɗanda ke zama abinci ga masu cin nama.
Zakuna, damisa, manyan masu farautar cat. Manyan masu cin naman masarautar suna buƙatar farauta da cinye wasu dabbobin, galibi manyan. masu cin ganyayyaki wanda ya dace da mazauninsu, don cinye abubuwan da ake buƙata na gina jiki don fara haɓaka metabolism.
Fungi da masu bazuwar masarautar fungi. Fungi, duk da kasancewa mara motsi kamar tsirrai, kada ku raba su da ƙarfin photosynthesis wanda ke ba da damar canza hasken rana zuwa makamashi, don haka dole ne su ruɓe su sha abubuwan da suka gabata, ko dai daga humus a cikin bazuwar na kasa a cikin dazuzzuka, na gumi da rufe sassan fatar mai masaukin baki, ko na wasu sauran rayayyun halittu, ya danganta da nau'in naman gwari (bazuwar, tsutsotsi, da sauransu).
Kifi da ƙura da haskoki. Mafarautan masarautar dabbar da ke ƙarƙashin ruwa, an tsara su cikin abubuwan da za su yiwu Sarkar Trophic a cikinsa, kamar yadda karin magana ke cewa, kullum akwai babban kifi. Gaskiyar ita ce, dole ne su cinye wasu ƙananan rayayyun halittu don su haɗa abubuwan da ke cikin kwayoyin halitta da adadin kuzari (galibi suna narkar da su gaba ɗaya) don haka su ci gaba da tafiya.
Whales da sauran dabbobin ruwa masu shayarwa. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan masu shayarwa na teku, kamar dabbar dolphin, suna farautar ƙananan kifaye kamar sardine; wasu suna cin abincin microscopic plankton tace daga ruwa, kamar su kifayen ruwa. A lokuta biyu, suna buƙatar amfani da narkar da waɗannan rayayyun halittu don fitar da abubuwan gina jiki da ake bukata don rayuwa.
Yawancin kwayoyin cuta. Mafi yawan kwayoyin halittu a doron kasa, wanda kusan kashi 50% aka sani, sune manyan masu canza abubuwa a duniya. Yawancin su autotrophic ne, masu iyawa photosynthesis ko daga chemosynthesis, amma akasarinsu an sadaukar da su ne don sarrafa abubuwan halitta na waje, ko dai su ragargaza sauran halittu masu rai ko su lalata kwayoyin halitta da suka mutu.
Shuke -shuke masu cin nama. Ana yi musu laƙabi da wannan hanya saboda suna da gabobi musamman saba zuwa narkar da ƙananan kwari waɗanda, zaƙi na ƙanshin su (ko kuma galibi saboda suna jin ƙamshi kamar na lalata nama), daga baya an kama su kuma a hankali a narkar da su don samar da tsiron da ƙarin kayan halitta.
Kowane irin tsuntsaye. Ko suna cin kwari da tsutsotsi, 'ya'yan itatuwa ko ganye, tsirrai na fure, kifi da ƙananan beraye, ko wasu ƙananan tsuntsaye, tsuntsaye gaba ɗaya suna buƙatar cinyewa da haɗewar kwayoyin halitta.ya fito daga wasu halittu don su rayu.
Elephants, rhinos, hippos. Waɗannan manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa na Afirka, duk da girmansu, suna ciyar da tan da ton na kayan lambu, tsaba, shrubs, da haushi. Duk wannan mai wadataccen abu a cikin kwayoyin halitta don daidaitawa kuma yana ciyar da abubuwan da ke cikin jikinsu huɗu.
Protozoa. Sunansu na nufin "dabba ta farko" kuma saboda suna kwayoyin halitta guda-daya kuma eukaryotes, amma bi da bi masu ɓarna ko masu ɓarna, wato, heterotrophs (kodayake a wasu lokuta suna iya zama masu haɗawa ko sashi na atomatik). Kyakkyawan misali na hanyar ciyar da kanta ita ce amoeba (ko amoeba), wanda sel ɗin phagocytes na wasu nau'ikan, gami da sauran protozoa, kuma bayan ware su a ciki, ya narkar da su kuma ya haɗa abubuwan cikin ganima na ganima cikin jikinta.
Tsutsotsi na duniya, kwari masu sikeli, da sauran abubuwan da ba su dace ba. An kira su "masu rarrafewa" saboda suna ci detritus, wato, ragowar ko sharar gida daga wasu hanyoyin halittu, irin su rubabben itace, kwayoyin halitta na dabbobin da suka mutu, da dai sauransu. Waɗannan dabbobin suna da mahimmanci don sarkar isar da makamashi a cikin pyramids na trophic kuma, ba shakka, heterotrophs.
Mice, marmots da beraye gaba ɗaya. Tare da abinci mai faɗi iri -iri, wanda zai iya kasancewa daga ƙwai da ƙananan ƙanƙara zuwa guntun kwali ko katako, berayen duk heterotrophic ne tunda sun dogara da cin waɗannan kayan, rayuwa ko a'a, don samun damar ciyar da jikinsu.
Octopus, mollusks da bivalves. Sauran mazauna cikin ruwa waɗanda ke kama farauta a kan crustaceans ko ma ƙananan mollusks, ko kuma kawai tace plankton daga cikin ruwa ta hanyar tsarin barbashi. Ko ta yaya, su halittu ne masu buƙatar kwayoyin halitta don rayuwa kuma ana ba su abubuwan da suka dace da tsarin abincin su.
Gizo -gizo, kunama da arachnids. Manyan mafarautan duniya na arthropods, sune arachnids: mafarauta da masu cin sauran kwari masu cin ganyayyaki ko mafarauta bi da bi, an sanye su da duk kayan aikin da ake buƙata don keta ko tarko abin da suka ci sannan su sha ruwan su don ciyar da kansu, suna barin ɓoyayyen harsashi kuma wani lokacin ma ba ma .
Mutumin. Babbar omnivore, mai iya ciyar da yawancin dabbobin dabbobi ko tsirrai da ta sani kuma take nomawa a cikin bauta, da shuke -shuke da kayan marmari, har ma da abincin da ake samarwa ta hanyar masana'antu daga abubuwan halitta, shine mafi kusancin misalin ciyarwar heterotrophic da muke da ita.