Wadatacce
An yi la'akari da nau'in dabba a kanHadarin halaka lokacin da adadin samfuran rayayyu yayi ƙasa da nau'in zai iya ɓacewa gaba ɗaya daga Duniya. Waɗannan ɓacewa na iya kasancewa saboda farautar da ba ta dace ba, canje -canjen yanayi ko lalacewar mazaunin halittar.
Alamar alamar ɓarna na kowane nau'in shine na dodo ko tsuntsu mara matuki (Raphus cucullatus), tsuntsu marar tashi daga Tsibirin Mauritius da ke Tekun Indiya, wanda bacewar sa gaba ɗaya daga duniyar ta faru a ƙarshen ƙarni na goma sha bakwai kuma a hannun mutum, idan aka yi la’akari da yadda ake samun farauta da sauƙi saboda dabbar ba ta da dabbobin daji.
A halin yanzu akwai ja jerin jerin tsirrai da dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari, hade a cikin 2009 ta fiye da 3 dubu daban -daban shigarwar. Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya (IUCN) ce ke kula da sarrafa wannan jerin. da kuma sa ido da kuma inganta adana waɗannan nau'in, ta hanyar ba da shawarwari don hukunta farauta, kare muhallin daban -daban da wayar da kan jama'a a tsakanin jama'ar duniya cewa muna gab da halakar da dabbobi da tsirrai masu yawa.
Jihohin kiyayewa
Don rarrabe yuwuwar halakar dabbobin daban -daban ko nau'in shuka, ana amfani da sikelin da ake kira "jihohin kiyayewa" kuma wannan Ya ƙunshi jahohi shida daban -daban, an tsara su zuwa rukuni uku gwargwadon matakin haɗarin nau'in, wato:
Kashi na farko: KADAN KADUNA. Su ne jinsin da ke ba da ƙarancin damuwa a fuskar bacewa. Ya ƙunshi jihohi biyu daban -daban:
- Ƙananan Damuwa (LC). Ana samun ɗimbin ɗimbin yawa a duniyar nan a nan, waɗanda ba sa ba da haɗarin kai tsaye ko kusa da raguwar adadin mutanen su.
- Kusa da barazana (NT). Waɗannan nau'in dabbobi ne waɗanda ba su cika ƙa'idodin da za a yi la'akari da su cikin haɗarin ɓacewa ba, amma wanda makomarsu ke nuna cewa suna iya kasancewa nan gaba.
Bangare na biyu: YANZUBA. Ana samun nau'o'i a matakai daban -daban na haɗarin ɓacewa anan, an shirya su cikin jihohi uku daban -daban:
- Mai rauni (VU). Waɗannan nau'ikan sun cika buƙatun da za a yi la’akari da su a haɗarin fara hanyar ɓacewa, wanda ke nufin maiyuwa ba za su lalace kamar haka ba, amma da sannu za su kasance idan ba a yi komai ba. Kimanin nau'in dabbobi 4,309 ne ke cikin wannan rukunin a cikin 2008.
- Wanda ke cikin haɗari (EN). Dabbobi a halin yanzu suna ƙarewa, wato, adadin mutane yana raguwa cikin sauri. Rayuwa a lokacin nau'in dabbobi 2448 a cikin wannan rukunin (2009) yana da haɗari sosai idan ba mu yi komai game da shi ba.
- Babban haɗari (CR). Waɗannan nau'ikan kusan ana dab da ƙarewa, don haka yana da wahala a sami samfuran samfuran rayuwa. An kiyasta faduwar al'ummomin su kashi 80 zuwa 90% a cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata. Jerin a cikin 2008 yana da nau'in dabbobi 1665 a cikin wannan rukunin.
Bangare na uku: KASHE. Dabbobin da suka ɓace daga duniyarmu ana samun su anan, ko dai sun shuɗe (EX) ko kuma sun shuɗe a cikin daji (EW), wato kawai mutanen da aka haifa kuma aka tashe su cikin bauta.
Misalan dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari
- Panda bear (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). Har ila yau ana kiranta Giant Panda, wani nau'in ne da ke da alaƙa da bears na yau da kullun, tare da sifar baƙar fata da fari. 'Yan asalin yankin tsakiyar China, akwai samfura 1600 kawai a cikin daji da 188 a zaman talala (ƙididdigar 2005). Alama ce ta WWF (Asusun Duniya na Yanayi na Duniya) tun 1961, saboda yana ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan da ke fuskantar barazana a duniya.
- Blue finch (Fringilla polatzeki). Asali daga Gran Canaria, tsibirin Mutanen Espanya da ke gabar Tekun Afirka na Sahara, tsuntsu ne mai launin shuɗi (namiji) ko launin ruwan kasa (mace) irin na gandun daji na Canarian, don haka yana tsakanin tsayin mita 1000 zuwa 1900. A halin yanzu yana fuskantar barazanar gushewa, a zahiri yana daya daga cikin tsuntsayen da ke fuskantar barazana a duniya, saboda raguwar mazauninsa sakamakon gutsuttsuran bishiya.
- Kyarkeci mai launin toka na Mexico (Canis lupus baileyi). Wannan nau'in kerkeci shine mafi ƙanƙanta da ke wanzu, na 30 da ke zaune a Arewacin Amurka. Siffofinsu da girmansu kwatankwacin karen matsakaicin kare ne, kodayake halayensu ba dare ba rana. Sun kasance suna yin hamadar Sonoran, Chihuahua, da tsakiyar Mexico su mazauniAmma rage cin naman ya kai su ga afkawa dabbobi kuma sun sami muguwar farauta cikin ramuwar gayya wanda ya kai ga halaka.
- Gorilla na dutse (Gorilla mai ban sha'awa). Ofaya daga cikin ɓangarorin biyu na gorilla ta gabas, tare da mutane biyu kawai a cikin daji a duniya. Su ne jaruman fina -finan Dian Fossey da aka nuna a fim din Gorillas a cikin hazo (1988), wanda ya ba da sanarwar bayyanar da yanayin adana nau'in, tare da mutane 900 kawai na daji, saboda muguwar farautar da aka yi musu.
- Iyakacin duniya Bear (Ursus maritimus). Wadanda abin ya shafa canjin yanayi wanda ke narkar da dogayen sanda, da gurɓataccen muhalli da farautar da ba ta dace ba ta Eskimos, waɗannan manyan fararen beyar, ɗaya daga cikin masu cin nama mafi girma a duniya, suna cikin yanayin rauni wanda zai iya haifar da gushewa cikin sauri. A cikin 2008 an kiyasta jimillar yawanta a tsakanin mutane 20,000 zuwa 25,000, 30% ƙasa da shekarun 45 da suka gabata.
- Kunkuru na Fata (Democheys coriacea). An san shi azaman fata, cana, cardon, fata ko tururuwa, shine mafi girma daga duk kunkuru na teku, yana iya auna tsawon mita 2.3 kuma yayi kimanin kilo 600. Mazaunin tekuna masu zafi da na wurare masu zafi, yana fuskantar barazana ta farautar kasuwanci da sake fasalin rairayin bakin teku waɗanda ke bautar da su don haɓaka, wanda ya haɗa da sabbin haɗari ga ƙwai ko ga sabbin yaran da aka kyankyashe.
- Yaren Iberian (Lynx)Lynx pardinus). Wannan dabbar dabbar dabbar da ke rayuwa a Tsibirin Iberiya tana kama da kyanwar daji. Kadai ne kuma makiyayi ne, kuma yana cikin haɗarin ɓacewa, a cikin mutane biyu da ke keɓe a Andalusia. Ga haɗarin gama gari na nau'in da ke rayuwa tare da mutum na zamani, dole ne a ƙara abincin musamman na dabbar, wanda ya taƙaita shi ga farautar kusan zomaye kawai.
- Damisa ta Bengal (Panthera tigris tigris). An san shi da damisa ta Royal Bengal ko damisa ta Indiya, wannan dabbar ta shahara a duniya saboda launin ruwan lemo mai launin shuɗi da baƙaƙen fata, har ma da tsattsauran ra'ayi da ƙima, mai ɗimbin yanayi. An yi ta farautar sa a cikin shekaru da yawa saboda furfurarsa, duk da kasancewa dabbar ƙasa ta ƙasashe kamar Indiya da Bangladesh, kuma ana ɗauka tana cikin haɗarin ɓacewa yayin haɓaka sararin samaniya.
- Axolotl ko axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum). Wannan nau'in nau'in amphibian na asali zuwa ƙasashen Meksiko yana da mahimmanci musamman, tunda ba ya ɗaukar metamorphosis kamar sauran 'yan amphibians kuma yana iya kaiwa ga balagar jima'i yayin da yake da halayen tsutsa (gills). Kasancewarsa a cikin al'adun Meksiko yana da yawa kuma saboda wannan dalili an ba shi babban farauta, azaman abinci, dabbar gida ko tushen magunguna. Tare da gurɓataccen ruwan, wannan ya haifar da mummunan haɗarin bacewa.
- Rhino na Java (Rhinoceros bincike). Mai kama da karkanda na Indiya, amma mai raunin gaske, wannan dabbar da ke kudu maso gabashin Asiya ɗan ƙaramin ɗan ƙaramin abu ne mai nauyi iri ɗaya, mai sulke wanda ƙahonsa yana da daraja sosai a maganin gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar gargajiyar ta China. Dangane da wannan da kuma lalata mazauninsa yana cikin mummunan haɗarin ɓacewa, tare da ƙididdigar yawan mutane ƙasa da 100 a duniya.
Yana iya ba ku: Misalan Matsalolin Muhalli
