Wadatacce
Hamada wani yanki ne mai sauƙin ganewa don shimfidar wurare tare da yalwar yashi, matsanancin yanayin zafi da ƙarancin ruwan sama.
Yanayin hamada
Yanayin yanayinsa yana nuna babban ƙarfin zafi: da rana zafin jiki na iya wuce 50 ° C yayin da, da daddare, zazzabi na iya raguwa sosai a ƙasa -10 ° C.
Ruwan sama a hamada kusan ba shi da kyau, kodayake dusar ƙanƙara na iya faɗuwa da daskarewa da sauri (musamman da dare) a wasu hamada. Kasancewa a sassa daban -daban na duniya, akwai wasu nau'ikan yanayin yanayin hamada:
- Semi-bushe yankin ko steppe. Yawan ruwan sama yana tsakanin 250 zuwa 500 mm a kowace shekara, tare da matsakaicin yanayin zafi tsakanin 20 ° C zuwa 27 ° C kuma, da dare, 10 ° C ..Ana samun wannan yanayin a gefen hamada.
- Yankin hamada na gabar teku. Zazzabi zai iya kaiwa tsakanin 13 ° zuwa 14 ° C a lokacin bazara kuma ya kai 5 ° C.
- Yankunan Arid. Ruwan sama yana haɓaka tsakanin 25 zuwa 250 mm kowace shekara.
- Yankuna masu hazo. Saboda ƙarancin zafi, hasken rana yana da ƙarfi, wanda ke ba da damar yanayin zafi ya bambanta sosai tsakanin dare da rana kuma, a wasu lokuta, ya wuce 20 ° C na bambancin. A waɗannan yankunan ba za a yi ruwan sama duk shekara ba.
Desert flora
Flora na hamada yana da ƙarancin gaske kuma yana tarwatsewa ta manyan shimfidar ƙasa da aka rufe da yashi, duwatsu ko kankara (a cikin yanayin hamada mai sanyi).
Saboda matsanancin yanayi da karancin ruwan sama, tsirrai suna da tushe mai zurfi wanda ke ba su damar samun ƙasa mai daɗi da za su ci.
Kuna iya samun ƙananan ganye da keɓaɓɓun tsirrai, napales, bushes, kiwo, hawthorn, ƙahonin akuya, kambin friar, ganyen gishiri da cacti. A yankin rairayin bakin teku, (ƙananan wurare da ruwa), wasu nau'in suna tasowa kamar dabino da sauran tsirrai.
Desert fauna
Gandun daji na hamada ya ƙunshi ƙananan dabbobi waɗanda za su iya fakewa daga yanayin zafi a ƙarƙashin yashi, duwatsu ko ƙasa.
Ana iya samun dabbobi masu rarrafe irin su macizai, hawainiya, kunkuru na hamada, da kadangare; da wasu ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa irin su fox, gerbils, jackals, coyotes, da beraye na hamada.
Babban babba mai shayarwa shine rakumi. Bugu da kari, akwai kwari irin su tururuwa, arachnids, da kunama. A ƙarshe, zaku iya ganin tsuntsayen farauta da ungulu.
