Wadatacce
Musamman zafi, m zafi, da latent zafi ne jiki yawa:
The takamaiman zafi na wani abu shine adadin zafi wanda dole ne a ba shi zuwa adadin raka'a na abin don ɗaga zafinsa ta raka'a ɗaya. Wannan adadin ya bambanta sosai gwargwadon zafin da abin yake ciki kafin a yi amfani da zafi. Misali, yana ɗaukar kalori ɗaya don haɓaka ruwa a cikin zafin jiki a cikin ɗaki daya, amma yana ɗaukar kalori 0.5 kawai don haɓaka zafin kankara zuwa -5 digiri da digiri ɗaya. Har ila yau, zafi na musamman ya dogara da matsin yanayi. Irin wannan abu a ƙananan matsin yanayi yana da ƙananan takamaiman zafi. Misalan da ke ƙasa suna aiki don zafin jiki na digiri 25 da matsin lamba na yanayi 1.
The m zafi Yawan zafin ne da jiki zai iya samu ba tare da ya shafi tsarin kwayoyin sa ba. Idan tsarin kwayoyin bai canza ba, jihar (m, ruwa, gas) ba ta canzawa. Tun da tsarin kwayoyin ba ya canzawa, ana lura da canjin yanayin zafi, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ake kiransa zafi mai hankali.
The latent zafi Yana da kuzari (zafi) da ake buƙata don abu ya canza lokaci (ƙasa). Idan canjin ya kasance daga m zuwa ruwa ana kiransa zafi na haɗawa. Idan canjin ya kasance daga ruwa zuwa mai gas ana kiranta zafin tururi. Lokacin da ake amfani da zafi akan wani abu wanda ya kai yanayin zafi inda yake canza yanayin, ba zai yiwu zafin ya ƙaru ba, kawai yana canza yanayin. Misali, idan zafi ya ci gaba da amfani da ruwan tafasa, ba zai wuce 100 ° C. Dangane da kayan, ana iya auna zafin latent a cikin adadin kuzari a kowace gram ko a kilojoules a kowace kilogram (KJ).
Misalan takamaiman zafi
- Ruwa (cikin yanayin ruwa): Calorie 1 a gram don haɓaka 1 ° C
- Aluminum: kalori 0.215 a kowace gram
- Beryllium: 0.436 kalori da gram
- Cadmium: kalori 0.055 a kowace gram
- Copper. Kalori 0.0924 a kowace gram
- Glycerin: 0.58 kalori da gram
- Zinariya: kalori 0.0308 a kowace gram
- Iron: kalori 0.107 a kowace gram
- Jagora: kalori 0.0305 a kowace gram
- Silicon: 0.168 kalori da gram
- Azurfa: kalori 0.056 a kowace gram
- Potassium: kalori 0.019 a kowace gram
- Toluene: 0.380 kalori da gram
- Gilashi: kalori 0.2 a kowace gram
- Marmara: 0.21 kalori da gram
- Itace: kalori 0.41 a kowace gram
- Barasa na Ethyl: kalori 0.58 a kowace gram
- Mercury: kalori 0.033 a kowace gram
- Man zaitun: kalori 0.47 a kowace gram
- Sand: 0.2 kalori da gram
Misalan zafi mai ma'ana
- Aiwatar da zafi zuwa ruwa tsakanin 1 zuwa 100 ° C
- Aiwatar da zafi zuwa kwanon da ke ƙasa 240 ° C
- Aiwatar da zafin gubar da ke ƙasa da 340 ° C.
- Aiwatar da zafi zuwa zinc wanda ke ƙasa 420 ° C
- Aiwatar da zafi zuwa aluminium wanda ke ƙasa da 620 ° C
- Aiwatar da zafi zuwa tagulla da ke ƙasa da 880 ° C
- Aiwatar da zafi zuwa nickel wanda ke ƙasa da 1450 ° C.
Misalan zafin latent
Ruwa: latent zafi na haɗuwa: adadin kuzari 80 a kowace gram (yana ɗaukar adadin kuzari 80 don gram ɗaya na kankara a 0 ° C don zama ruwa), latent zafi na tururi: calories 540 a gram (yana ɗaukar adadin kuzari 540 na gram ɗaya na ruwa a 100 ° C don zama tururi).
Karfe: latent zafin fusion: calories 50
Alumino: latent zafi na fusion: calories 85 / 322-394 KJ; latent zafi na tururi: 2300 KJ.
Sulfur: latent zafi na fusion: 38 KJ; latent zafi na tururi: 326 KJ.
Cobalt: latent zafin fusion: 243 KJ
Copper: latent zafi na Fusion: 43 adadin kuzari; latent zafi na tururi: 2360 KJ.
Tin: latent zafi na fusion: calories 14 /113 KJ
Phenol: latent zafin fusion: 109 KJ
Iron: latent zafi na fusion: 293 KJ; latent zafi na tururi: 2360 KJ.
Magnesium: latent zafin fusion: calories 72
Mercury: latent zafin fusion: 11.73 KJ; latent zafi na tururi: 356.7 KJ.
Nickel: latent zafi na fusion: adadin kuzari 58
Azurfa: latent zafin fusion: 109 KJ
Gubar: latent zafi na Fusion: 6 adadin kuzari; latent zafi na tururi: 870 KJ.
Oxygen: latent zafi na fusion: 3.3 adadin kuzari
Zinariya: latent zafi na fusion: 67 KJ
Zinc: latent zafi na fusion: calories 28
