Wadatacce
Thehydrides Su sinadaran sunadarai ne waɗanda ke haɗa atom ɗin hydrogen a cikin ƙwayoyin su (wanda yanayin iskar oxidation ɗin sa shine, a mafi yawan lokuta, -1) da atoms na kowane nau'in a cikin teburin lokaci -lokaci.
An san nau'ikan hydrides guda uku:
- Metallic karfe: Waɗannan su ne waɗanda aka ƙera tare da abubuwan alkaline da alkaline-earth, wato, tare da waɗanda ke gaba zuwa hagu na teburin abubuwa na lokaci-lokaci. Waɗannan su ne mahaɗan marasa ƙarfi waɗanda ke nuna haɓaka. Ana samun sinadarin Hydrogen a cikin su azaman hydride ion H¯. A cikin wannan rukunin yana yiwuwa a rarrabe hydrides waɗanda ke samar da mafi ƙarancin ƙarfe na lantarki (daga ƙungiyoyi 1 da 2); wadannan hydrides galibi ana kiransu saline hydrides. Saline hydrides gaba ɗaya daskararru ne ko ruwan toka wanda ake samu ta hanyar kai tsaye na ƙarfe tare da hydrogen a yanayin zafi.
- Rashin ruwa mai ƙarfi ko mara ƙarfe:su ne waɗanda aka ƙera tare da abubuwan da ba ƙarfe ba amma ƙaramin electronegative, musamman, tare da nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, boron, carbon da silicon: duk waɗannan suna karɓar takamaiman sunaye, fiye da babban nomenclature; dukkansu karfe ne ko ƙarfe daga p block. Hakanan ana iya kiran su kwayoyin ko covalent hydrides, saboda suna da haɗin gwiwa. Suna samar da ma'adanai na fannoni na musamman. Silane, magudanar ruwa a cikin wannan rukunin, yana da haɓaka ƙima don ƙimar sa a ƙera kayan nanoparticles.
- Hydrogen hydrides:(wanda kuma ake kira hydracids kawai) ya yi daidai da haɗin hydrogen tare da halogen (fluorine, chlorine, bromine ko iodine) ko tare da wani nau'in antigenic (oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium); kawai a ƙarshen yanayin ne hydrogen ke aiki tare da ingantaccen lambar oxidation (+1) kuma ɗayan kashi shine wanda ke aiki tare da lambar oxyidation mara kyau (-1 a halogens, -2 a cikin amphogens).
Misalai na hydrides
- Sodium hydride (NaH)
- Phosphine (PH3)
- Barium hydride (BaH2)
- Bismutin (Bi2S3)
- Permanganic hydride (MnH7)
- Ammoniya (NH3)
- Arsine (AsH3)
- Stibinite ko antimonite
- Hydrobromic acid (HBr)
- Yaren Borano (BH3)
- Methane (CH4)
- Silane (SiH₄)
- Hydrofluoric acid (HF)
- Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
- Hydride na baƙin ƙarfe (FeH3)
- Hydroiodic acid (HI)
- Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
- Selenhydric acid (H2Se)
- Tellurhydric acid (H2Te)
- Lithium hydride (LiH)
Amfani da hydrides
Daga cikin amfanin hydrides zamu iya ambaton waɗanda masu bushewa da masu ragewa, wasu ana amfani dasu azaman m hydrogen kafofin.
Calcium hydride yana da amfani musamman kamar wakili bushewa mai narkewa. Sodium hydride yana buƙatar kulawa sosai a cikin kulawa, saboda yana haifar da tashin hankali da ruwa kuma yana iya ƙonewa.
Idan wuta ta faru saboda ƙonewar wannan magudanar ruwa, kar a yi amfani da ruwa don kashe ta, domin za ta zai samar da ƙarin harshen wuta. Ana kashe waɗannan gobarar da ita foda masu kashe gobara.
