Taimako (da halayensu)

Ta taimako duk abin da ke fitowa daga shimfidar wuri sananne ne, yana canza shi ta fuskar tsayinsa. Ƙasa ta ƙasa, wacce ta riga ta zama tsirarun mutane a cikin ɓawon ƙasa (tunda galibin duniyar ta ƙunshi ruwa) yana gabatar da abubuwa da yawa na rashin daidaituwa.

Lissafi na zahiri da geomorphology sune fannonin ilimin kimiyya waɗanda su kuma ɓangare ne na labarin ƙasa, kimiyyar ƙasa, tsarinta na zahiri da abubuwan da suka shafe ta. Tsarin duniya, a gefe guda, ba a tsaye yake ba: yana yin gyare -gyare da ke faruwa a hankali.

Hanyoyin nazarin halittu na iya zama samfur na abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin duniyar (aikin volcanic da seismic) ko samfuran wakilai na waje kamar iska, ruwa da rayayyun halittu. Akwai yalwa da yawa na taimako a duk fadin Duniya. Jerin da ke gaba zai ambaci wasu daga cikinsu, tare da taƙaitaccen bayanin halayensu da wasu misalai.

1. Plateaus: Yankunan wurare dabam dabam da iyakance, wanda ya haifar da yashewar da ruwa ko iska ke haddasawa. Taron ba mai tsayi ba ne amma an daidaita shi kaɗan.
   1. Tudun Tibet
   2. Andean tsaunuka
   3. Plateau ta Tsakiya ta Spain
2. Filayen: Filayen da ke nuna yanayin zahiri mara tsayi. An ƙera shi da duwatsu masu ɗimbin yawa, inda tarin ƙura ke faruwa. Tsawon bai wuce mita 200 ba, kuma a wasu lokuta suna da yanayin zafi.
   1. Great Plains, a Amurka
   2. Pampas, a Argentina
   3. Tekun Bahar Rum na Tekun Mexico
3. Bakin ciki: Yankunan ƙasa ƙasa da yankunan da ke kewaye. Damuwar na iya zama dangi idan kawai ta yi ƙasa da kewayenta, yayin da za ta zama cikakke idan kai tsaye ƙasa da matakin teku.
   1. Grenada damuwa
   2. Damuwa ta Caspic
   3. Babban Bass na San Julián
4. Dutsen: An fallasa gangaren dutse a tsaye.
   1. Dan Brist, in Ireland
   2. The Old Old Man, a cikin Scotland
   3. Risin og Kellingin duwatsu a Tsibirin Faeroe
5. Moutains: Tsarin ƙasa wanda ya samo asali daga karowa tsakanin farantiyoyin tectonic. An yi alamar ɗaukaka kuma an kafa tsaunuka, abin da ya faru akai -akai a zamanin Cenozoic. An fi samun waɗanda aka fi nusar da su a lokacin ƙuruciya, yayin da tsofaffi ƙanana ne.
   1. Dutsen Everest
   2. Dutsen lhotse
   3. Dutsen Makalu
6. Jerikan tsauni: Ƙungiyar tsaunuka waɗanda aka shirya a wani tazara daga juna, a ci gaba.
   1. Dutsen Andes
   2. Yankin Himalayan
   3. Dutsen Cantabrian
7. Tsibiran teku: Rabin ƙasar da ruwa ya kewaye ta bangarori uku, an haɗa shi da nahiyar ta hanyar tsiri.
   1. Yankunan Florida
   2. Tsibirin Valdés
   3. Tsibirin Sinai
8. Tuddai: Ƙasa mafi ƙasƙanci.
   1. Kasar Kenya
   2. Teide hill, a cikin Tenerife
   3. Dutsen Elgon
9. Canyon: Wani kwarin da ke haifar da zaizayar ƙasa da kogin ya haifar. Ganuwar kanyon ta zama dutse.
   1. Kogin Colorado
   2. Kogin kogin Lobos
   3. Canyon Canyon
10. Ƙwari: Filaye masu lalatattu wanda ruwan dutsen ya narke ta hanyar su yana gudu. Rushewa yana faruwa ta hanyar da za a iya ganin irin 'U'.
    1. Kwarin Magajin Tierra
    2. Kwarin Acatlán
    3. Kwarin Salinas

A wannan bangaren, haka kuma a cikin teku an samar da nau'o'in taimako daban -daban. Tsibiran, waɗanda aka ambata a matsayin tsarin ƙasa, suna da alaƙa a cikin wani nau'in ruwa na musamman: ƙungiyar tsibirin da sauran yankin ana kiranta isthmus. A cikin gulbin teku kuma na iya bayyana, sakamakon shigar teku a gabar teku. Za a iya samun bays, dunes, fjords ko tsibiran, da tarin tsibiri da tuddai.