Mawallafi:
Peter Berry
Ranar Halitta:
18 Yuli 2021
Sabuntawa:
10 Yiwu 2024
Wadatacce
Theiskar gas Abubuwa ne ko abubuwa waɗanda ke nuna kaɗan ko babu abin da ke aiki da sinadarai a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi na matsa lamba da zafin jiki. Sau da yawa ana aiki da su a masana'antu kamar insulators ko masu hanawa, manufa don ƙunshe halayen kuna son sarrafawa da hana yaduwarsa ko ɗaukar sarkar.
Mafi sanannun gas ɗin inert ana kiransa Gas mai daraja, mahaɗan monatomic tare da ƙarancin ƙarfi ko a'a: Helium, Argon, Neon, Krypton, Xenon, Radon da Onganesson. Kodayake ana amfani da sharuɗɗan musanyawa, ba daidai suke daidai ba, tunda duk gas mai daraja ba ta aiki, amma ba duk iskar gas mai daraja ce ba: sauran mahaɗan suna da ƙarancin ƙarfin aiki wanda ke ba su damar taka rawa ko ƙasa da wannan rawar.
Misalan iskar gas
- Helium (Ya). Abu na biyu mafi girma a sararin samaniya, wanda aka ƙera shi a cikin halayen nukiliya na taurari daga haɗin hydrogen. Sanannen abu ne ga kaddarorinsa na canza muryar mutum lokacin da aka shaƙe shi, tunda sauti yana tafiya da sauri ta hanyar helium fiye da iska. Yana da sauƙi fiye da iska, don haka koyaushe yana kan tashi, kuma galibi ana amfani dashi azaman cika don balloons na ado.
- Nitrogen (N). Yana da ɗan ƙaramin iskar gas kuma yana nan sosai a cikin yanayi, mai ƙonewa kawai a yanayin zafi mai zafi kuma ana amfani dashi sosai a masana'antar kera sararin kariya ko a matsayin iskar gas (daskarewa). Gas ne mai rahusa kuma mai sauƙi wanda ke da kashi 3% na tsarin mulkin jikin ɗan adam a cikin mahadi daban -daban.
- Carbon dioxide (CO2). Anyi amfani dashi azaman kayan inert a cikin waldawa da masu kashe wuta, wannan gas ɗin yana da mahimmanci ga rayuwa kuma yana da yawa a doron ƙasa, saboda shine samfurin numfashi. Iskar gas ce mai ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi, kuma ana amfani da ita azaman matsi mai ƙarfi a cikin makaman iska da aka matsa, kuma a cikin salo m, kamar busasshiyar kankara.
- Hydrogen (H). Ofaya daga cikin ginshiƙan ginshiƙan ginin rayuwa da wanzuwar, iskar gas ɗin da ba ta aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayi na yau da kullun kuma mafi yawan abubuwan da ke cikin sararin samaniya. Duk da haka, ƙaramin ƙarfin kuzari yana sa ya zama mai haɓakawa sosai.
- Argon (Ar). Ana amfani dashi da yawa a cikin masana'antu don sarrafa abubuwa masu haɓakawa sosai, suna aiki azaman insulator ko mai hanawa. Kamar Neon da helium, ana amfani dashi don samun wasu nau'ikan lasers kuma a cikin masana'antar laser. semiconductors.
- Neon (Ne). Hakanan yana da yawa a cikin sararin da aka sani, shine kashi wanda ke ba da sautin ja a cikin hasken fitilu masu haske. An yi amfani da shi a cikin hasken bututun neon kuma wannan shine dalilin da yasa ya ba shi suna (duk da cewa ana amfani da gas daban -daban don wasu launuka).
- Krypton (Kr). Duk da kasancewar iskar gas, an san yana amsawa da fluorine da sauran abubuwa, tunda yana da ƙimar lantarki. Yana daya daga cikin abubuwan da aka samar yayin fission na atom na uranium, saboda haka yana da isotopes na rediyo guda goma sha bakwai.
- Xenon (Xe). Gas mai nauyi sosai, wanda ake amfani da shi wajen ƙera fitilun wuta da fitilun wuta (kamar a fina -finai ko fitilun mota), da wasu lasers kuma azaman maganin kashe kwari, kamar krypton.
- Radon (Rn). Samfurin rarrabuwa na abubuwa kamar Radium ko Actinium (Actinon), isasshen iska ne amma mai rediyo, mafi daidaitaccen sigar sa yana da rabin tsawon kwanaki 3.8 kafin ya zama Polonium. Yana da haɗari mai haɗari kuma amfanin masana'antu yana iyakance saboda yana da cutar kansa sosai.
- Yaren Oganeson (Og). Wanda kuma aka sani da eka-radon, ununoctium (Uuo) ko kashi 118: sunaye na wucin gadi don wani sinadarin tranactinid kwanan nan mai suna Oganeson. Wannan sinadarin yana da matuƙar rediyo, don haka bincikensa na baya -bayan nan ya zama tilas ga hasashe na nazari, daga inda ake shakkar cewa iskar gas ce.
- Yana iya ba ku: Menene gas mai daraja?
