Dokokin Newton

Wadatacce

• Dokar Farko ta Newton - Ka'idar Inertia
• Dokar Newton ta Biyu - Ka'idar Dynamics
• Dokar Newton ta Uku - Ka'idar Aiki da Ka'idar Aiki
• Misalan Dokar Farko ta Newton
• Misalan Dokar Newton ta Biyu
• Misalan dokar ta uku ta Newton

The Dokokin Newton, wanda kuma aka sani da dokokin motsi, sune ƙa'idodin kimiyyar lissafi guda uku waɗanda ke nufin motsi na jiki. Shin:

• Dokar farko ko dokar inertia.
• Doka ta biyu ko ƙa'idar ƙaƙƙarfa.
• Doka ta uku ko ƙa'idar aiki da amsawa.

Masanin kimiyyar lissafi da lissafi na ƙasar Ingila, Isaac Newton ne ya tsara waɗannan ƙa'idodin a cikin aikinsaFalsafa æ naturalis principia mathematica (1687). Da waɗannan dokokin, Newton ya kafa harsashin injiniyoyin gargajiya, reshen kimiyyar lissafi wanda ke nazarin halayen jikin a hutawa ko motsi cikin ƙananan gudu (idan aka kwatanta da saurin haske).

Dokokin Newton sun nuna juyin juya hali a fagen kimiyyar lissafi. Sun kafa ginshiƙan ƙarfafawa (wani ɓangare na makanikai da ke nazarin motsi gwargwadon ƙarfin da ya samo asali). Bugu da ƙari, ta hanyar haɗa waɗannan ƙa'idodin tare da dokar ɗaukar nauyi ta duniya, yana yiwuwa a bayyana dokokin masanin taurarin Jamus da masanin lissafi, Johannes Kepler, akan motsi na taurari da tauraron dan adam.

• Duba kuma: Gudummawar Isaac Newton

Dokar Farko ta Newton - Ka'idar Inertia

Dokar Newton ta farko ta bayyana cewa jiki yana canza saurin sa ne kawai idan wani karfi na waje yayi aiki da shi. Inertia shine halin da jiki ke bi a cikin halin da yake.

Bisa ga wannan doka ta farko, jiki ba zai iya canza yanayinsa da kansa ba; don ta fito daga hutawa (gudun sifili) ko motsi madaidaiciya, ya zama dole wani ƙarfi ya yi aiki da shi.

Don haka, idan ba a yi amfani da karfi ba kuma jiki yana cikin hutu, zai tsaya haka; idan jiki yana cikin motsi, zai ci gaba da kasancewa tare da motsi iri ɗaya cikin sauri.

Misali:Wani mutum ya bar motarsa ​​ya tsaya a waje da gidansa. Babu wani karfi da ke aiki akan motar. Washegari motar tana nan.

Newton ya ciro ra'ayin inertia daga masanin kimiyyar lissafi na Italiya, Galileo Galilei (Tattaunawa akan manyan tsarin biyu na duniya -1632).

Dokar Newton ta Biyu - Ka'idar Dynamics

Dokar Newton ta biyu ta bayyana cewa akwai alaƙa tsakanin ƙarfin da ake yi wa jiki da hanzartarsa. Wannan alaƙar tana kai tsaye kuma tana daidaitawa, wato, ƙarfin da ake samu akan jiki daidai yake da hanzarin da zai samu.

Misali: Ƙarin ƙarfi da Juan ke amfani da shi lokacin ƙwallon ƙwallon, ƙila za a iya cewa ƙwallon zai ƙetare tsakiyar kotun saboda mafi girman hanzarinsa zai kasance.

Hanzartawa ya dogara da girma, alkibla, da kuma jin jimlar ƙarfin da aka yi amfani da shi, da kuma yawan abin.

• Yana iya taimaka muku: Yaya ake lissafin hanzari?

Dokar Newton ta Uku - Ka'idar Aiki da Ka'idar Aiki

Dokar Newton ta uku ta faɗi cewa lokacin da jiki yayi ƙarfi akan wani, ƙarshen yana amsawa tare da amsa daidai gwargwado da shugabanci amma a akasin haka. Ƙarfin da aikin ya yi daidai da wani martani.

Misali: Lokacin da mutum yayi tafiya akan tebur, zai karɓi daga teburin ƙarfin da ya yi amfani da bugun.

Misalan Dokar Farko ta Newton

1. Wani direban mota ya taka birki sosai kuma, saboda rashin ƙarfi, ya harba gaba.
2. Wani dutse a kasa yana cikin kwanciyar hankali. Idan babu abin da ya dame shi, zai zauna cikin hutawa.
3. Keken da aka adana shekaru biyar da suka gabata a cikin ɗaki mai ɗaki yana fitowa daga cikin hutun sa lokacin da yaro ya yanke shawarar amfani da shi.
4. Dan tseren tsere yana ci gaba da gudu da mita da yawa fiye da layin gamawa ko da ya yanke shawarar birki, saboda rashin karfin jikinsa.

• Dubi ƙarin misalai a cikin: Dokar Farko ta Newton

Misalan Dokar Newton ta Biyu

1. Wata mata ta koya wa yara biyu hawan keke: ɗan shekara 4 da ɗan shekara 10, don su isa wuri ɗaya tare da hanzartawa ɗaya. Dole ne ku kara yin ƙarfi yayin tura ɗan shekaru 10 saboda nauyin sa (sabili da haka yawan sa), ya fi girma.
2. Mota tana buƙatar wani adadin ƙarfin doki don samun damar yawo a kan babbar hanya, wato tana buƙatar wani ƙarfi don hanzarta yawan ta.

• Dubi ƙarin misalai a cikin: Dokar ta Biyu ta Newton

Misalan dokar ta uku ta Newton

1. Idan kwallon billiard ɗaya ta bugi wani, ana yin irin wannan ƙarfi akan na biyu kamar na farko.
2. Yaro yana so ya yi tsalle ya hau kan bishiya (dauki), dole ne ya tura ƙasa don motsa kansa (aiki).
3. Wani mutum yana kare balloon; balan -balan na fitar da iskar da karfin da ya yi daidai da abin da iska ke yi wa balan -balan. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa balon ke motsawa daga wannan gefe zuwa wancan.

• Duba ƙarin misalai a cikin: Dokar ta Uku ta Newton