Gadon al'adu

Wadatacce

• Abubuwa na al'adun gargajiya
• Misalan al'adun gargajiya

Tunanin al'adun gargajiya ba tsayayye bane kuma baya canzawa amma canje -canje ga kowace al'umma.

The al'adun gargajiya Ya ƙunshi dukkan maganganun al'adu na al'umma, na baya da na yanzu, waɗanda ake watsa su daga tsara zuwa tsara.

The Unesco ita ce Hukumar Ilimi, Kimiyya da Al'adu ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Wannan cibiyar tana neman ganowa dukiyar al'adu wanda ya dace da kowane mutane don haka ya kiyaye su.

Lokacin da Unesco ta zaɓi abu ko aiki azaman Al'adun al'adun Dan Adam, shine saboda ya cika kowane ɗayan ƙa'idodi masu zuwa:

• Wakilin gwanin gwanin hazaƙar ɗan adam.
• Shaida wani muhimmin musayar dabi'un mutane na tsawon lokaci ko tsakanin yankin al'adu na duniya, a cikin haɓaka gine -gine, fasaha, zane -zane, tsara birane ko ƙirar shimfidar wuri.
• Bayar da shaida ta musamman ko aƙalla na musamman na al'adar al'adu ko wayewa da ta wanzu ko ta ɓace.
• Samar da wani babban misali na nau'in gini, gine -gine, fasaha ko gandun daji wanda ke nuna babban mataki a tarihin ɗan adam.
• Kasance fitaccen misali na al'adar sasanta ɗan adam, amfani da teku ko ƙasa, wanda ke wakiltar al'adu (ko al'adu), ko hulɗar ɗan adam da muhalli, musamman lokacin da ta zama mai rauni ga tasirin canje -canjen da ba za a iya juyawa ba.
• Kasancewa kai tsaye ko mai alaƙa da abubuwan da suka faru ko al'adun rayuwa, tare da ra'ayoyi ko imani, tare da ayyukan fasaha da adabi na mahimmancin duniya. (Kwamitin ya ɗauki cewa wannan ma'aunin ya fi dacewa ya kasance tare da wasu ƙa'idodi).

Baya ga kayan gado na al'adu, Unesco ta gano kuma ta adana al'adun gargajiya, bisa ga wasu sharudda.

Koyaya, abin da muke kira kayan al'adun gargajiya ya zarce takamaiman misalan da aka zaɓa azaman Shafukan Gidajen Duniya.

Unesco ta ƙayyade cewa al'adun al'adu na iya zama abu (littattafai, zane -zane, abubuwan tarihi, da sauransu) ko m (waƙoƙi, amfani da al'adu, al'ada, da sauransu).

Abubuwa na al'adun gargajiya

• Abubuwan tunawa: Ayyukan da al'ummomi ke ginawa azaman alamar abin da ya faru ko yanayi, don kasancewa cikin lokaci (tunawa da kafuwar birni ko yaƙi, bayyana bangaskiya, da sauransu)
• Abubuwan da suke amfani da yau da kullun.
• Hadisai na baka: An watsa labaran mutane da waƙoƙi, kafin ƙirƙiro injin buga littattafai, daga tsara zuwa tsara kuma an kiyaye su tare da wasu bambance -bambancen lokaci.
• Yin, gani, kiɗa, adabi, zane -zane na gani: Duk zane -zane wani bangare ne na kayan al'adun gargajiya. Wasu ayyukan suna cikin abubuwan al'adun gargajiya na zahiri kuma wasu na kayan al'adun da ba a iya gani.
• Gine -gine: Gine -gine da yawa nuni ne na al'umma da sifar fasaha, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ake kiyaye su a garuruwa daban -daban na duniya.
• Abubuwan ibada: Kowace al'umma ta haɓaka al'adunta masu alaƙa da imani ko kuma wasu muhimman canje -canje a rayuwar mutum (haihuwa, aure, mutuwa, da sauransu)
• Amfani na zamantakewa: Amfani da zamantakewa wani bangare ne na kayan gado mara ganuwa, tunda sune suka ƙunshi asalin mutane.

Misalan al'adun gargajiya

1. Dutsen Rushmore: Tunawa ga shugabanni huɗu na Amurka da aka sassaka a kan dutse
2. Hasumiyar Eiffel: Monument na Paris. Gustave Eiffel ne ya gina shi a 1889.
3. Castle Himejji: Gina ayyana gadon al'adun ɗan adam. Japan.
4. Mata: A cikin ƙasashen Latin Amurka irin su Argentina da Uruguay, abokin aure yana cikin amfanin zamantakewarsu.
5. Cibiyar Tarihi ta Quito. Ecuador.
6. Gaucho Martín Fierro: Littafin da José Hernández ya rubuta a 1872. Abubuwan al'adun Argentine.
7. Aachen Cathedral: Gina ayyana gadon al'adun ɗan adam. Jamus.
8. Sistine Chapel Vault: Zanen da Miguel Ángel ya yi tsakanin shekara ta 1508 zuwa 1512. A halin yanzu yana daga cikin kayan al'adun duniya.
9. Lullabies: Suna daga cikin al'adar baka.
10. Pyramids na Giza: Abubuwan tunawa da jana'iza sun bayyana al'adun al'adun ɗan adam. Misira.
11. Opera: Opera wani bangare ne na kayan al'adun duniya kamar yadda ake yin zane -zane wanda ya bazu ko'ina cikin duniya.
12. Cibiyar tarihi ta Oaxaca de Juárez: Zanen hadaddun ayyana al'adu na bil'adama for da kyau da kuma yin wani misali na Spanish mulkin mallaka urbanism
13. Na Santa Rosa de Lima: Tarihin Lima.
14. Legends: Tatsuniyoyin kowane yanki suna cikin al'adar bakarsu.
15. Babban cocin St. Basil: Gina ayyana gadon al'adun ɗan adam. Rasha.
16. Waƙar jama'a: Waƙar gargajiya tana wakiltar ba kawai tsararraki da suka gabata ba har ma da sabbin mawaƙa waɗanda ke sabunta ta tare da kida da wasan kwaikwayo.
17. Arch of Triumph: Monument na Paris.
18. Fort Samaipata: Shafin archaeological, ya ayyana al'adun al'adun ɗan adam don kasancewa mafi girman aikin ginin dutse a duniya. Bolivia.
19. Zanen tsohon tashar jiragen ruwa: Tarihin Lima wanda ke wakiltar tsohuwar tashar jiragen ruwa ta Callao.
20. Pantheon: Monument na Paris.
21. Copan: Gidan kayan tarihi na tsohuwar wayewar Mayan, a cikin Honduras na yau, ya ba da sanarwar al'adun ɗan adam.
22. Tukwane na asali: Ba wai kawai ana adana shi a gidajen kayan gargajiya ba amma a halin yanzu mutanen asalin ƙasa da zuriyarsu suna yin tukwane waɗanda ke fitowa daga dabarun da kakanninsu suka koyar.
23. Fim: Fim din kowace al'umma wani bangare ne na al'adun gargajiyarta, yana gina ainihin asalinsa.
24. Ayyukan Franciscan na Sierra Gorda de Querétaro: Gine -gine guda biyar da aka gina tsakanin 1750 zuwa 1760, sun ayyana al'adun al'adun ɗan adam don kasancewa samfurin haɗin gine -gine da salo na mashahurin Baroque na New Spain. Meziko.
25. Llullaillaco miniatures: Abubuwa na al'ada da aka adana a cikin Alta Montaña Archeology Museum, Salta, Argentina.
26. Budurwar Cerro San Cristóbal: Tarihi a Santiago de Chile.
27. Obelisk: Abin tunawa a birnin Buenos Aires wanda ke tunawa da kafuwar birnin. An gina shi a 1936, karni na huɗu na kafuwar.
28. Abin tunawa ga Chacabuco: Tarihi a Santiago de Chile wanda ke tunawa da yakin 1817.
29. Garin tarihi na Ouro Preto: An kafa shi a cikin 1711, birnin shine wuri na farko a Brazil da aka ayyana a matsayin al'adun ɗan adam.
30. Birnin Cuzco: Ita ce babban birnin Daular Inca. Tana kan tsaunin Andes, a kudu maso gabashin Peru, kuma an ayyana shi a matsayin al'adun ɗan adam.