Wadatacce
The kwayoyin halittu su ne waɗanda ke yin wasu canje -canje a cikin halayensu ta hanyar ƙari na kwayoyin halittar da ta dace da wasu kwayoyin halitta. Yiwuwar cewa kwayoyin halittu masu rarrafe ba shakka ba na halitta bane, amma saboda aikin mutum ne.
Injiniyan halitta yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan gudummawar sa wannan tambayar, wacce ke da'awar tana da aikin ƙara yawan amfanin gona da ke ba da gudummawa ga aikin gona mai ɗorewa wanda ke amfani da albarkatu don inganta abinci ta hanyar kawarwa abubuwa masu guba, ko gyara gwargwadon abubuwan da ke cikin ta don cimma lafiyayyen abinci.
- Misalan Fasahar Fasaha
Yaushe aka fara?
Tarihin canjin tsirrai na tsirrai da dabbobi yana da asali ne kawai a ƙarshen karni na 20, tunda kafin wannan yiwuwar kawai an yi la’akari da shi a ƙarƙashin ƙagaggun labaran almara na kimiyya.
An fara aikin da kwayoyin cuta, sannan ya fadada zuwa a linzamin kwamfuta kuma yana da matsayin mataki na asali lokacin da a 1981 wasu masana kimiyya suka nuna hakan tsara -tsara, watsa abubuwan da aka haɗa da kayan halitta ya faru.
Tuni a cikin shekaru goma na ƙarshe na ƙarni, injiniya ya iya gyara tsaba ta hanyar da a lokacin noman za su iya tsayayya da magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, waɗanda ke canza yanayin yadda ake gudanar da girbin girbi: maimakon cire duk ciyayin da hannu, ana iya yin shi ta hanyar masana'antu ta hanyar abin da aka sani da 'kai tsaye' seeding '.
- Misalan Monocultures
Masu suka da jayayya
Don na ƙarshen shine ɗayan mahimman batutuwa a cikin amfani da transgenics yana cikin Ayyukan tattalin arziki, tunda galibi ana amfani da magudanar kwayoyin halitta don tsirrai su iya tsayayya da kwari da ayyukan sunadarai, ko kuma an ƙara bitamin a cikin wucin gadi wanda ke kawar da matsalolin tattalin arziƙi, ko kuma suna iya faɗaɗawa da tsara tsari.
Babu fewan masana ilimin aikin gona da ke yin gargaɗi game da wannan tambayar ta kula da 'kamar kowane nau'in samfuri' ga abincin da zai kasance ga ɗan adam, suna tabbatar da cewa waɗannan ayyukan rushe tsarin halittu kuma yana da haɗari ga mutane da sauran nau'ikan.
Doka: A yawancin lokuta, ƙasashe kimanta kowane ɗayan waɗannan abincin dabanKoyaya, akwai wasu ƙasashe (kamar Rasha, Faransa ko Aljeriya) waɗanda suka hana su ta hanyar gaba ɗaya. A wasu lokuta, ƙasashe suna zaɓar tilasta sanya alamar abinci waɗanda ke ɗauke da wasu abubuwan da aka samo daga amfanin gona mai canzawa, kamar yadda Tarayyar Turai, Japan, Malaysia da Ostiraliya ke yi.
Misalan kwayoyin halitta (shuke -shuke da dabbobi)
- Ayaba: Don yin tsayayya da shi, ana ƙetare nau'ikan biyu don ƙarin bayani.
- Soya: Gyarawa a cikin iri, don zama mafi tsayayya ga magungunan kashe ƙwari. Ana shuka babban ɓangaren waken soya ta hanyar shuka kai tsaye.
- Shinkafa: Gabatar da sabbin kwayoyin halitta guda uku, don samun shinkafa mai dauke da sinadarin bitamin A.
- Kifi.
- Saniya: An gyara tsarin kwayoyin halittar don samar da madara tare da nau'in insulin mai amfani ga masu ciwon sukari.
- Kifin kifi: Kifi da aka canza tare da furotin jellyfish wanda ke sa su haskaka cikin farin ko hasken ultraviolet.
- Masara.
- Dankali: Enzymes na sitaci sun lalace.
- Sunflower: Ana canza kwayoyin halittu don su iya jure fari.
- Plum: Ana ƙara GMOs don haɓaka yawan aiki.
- Sugar: An gyara shi don sa ya kasance mai tsayayya da magungunan kashe qwari.
- Kwari: Ta hanyar tsallaka kwayoyin halittu daga jinsuna biyu, an halicci kwaɗi masu ƙyalli, waɗanda ke ba mu damar yin nazarin tasirin sunadarai akan gabobin su.
- Babba.
- Aladu: An kuma saka kwayoyin halittar da ke ba da damar dabbar ta samar da antigen wanda zai sauƙaƙa ga gabobin ɗan adam su karɓa.
- Tumatir: Ana hana enzyme don rage lokacin lalata.
- Alfalfa: Ana ƙara GMOs don sa ya zama mai tsayayya da maganin ciyawa.
- Kofi: Canjin kwayoyin halitta yana ba da damar haɓaka samarwa.
- Inabi: Tare da transgenics yana yiwuwa a ƙara juriya da kawar da tsaba a cikin 'ya'yan itacen.
- Tumaki: Tare da kwayoyin halittar ɗan adam, zai ba da damar a cikin nesa mai nisa don amfani da gabobin su don dasawa cikin mutane.
- Oranges: Lokacin da aka fallasa shi da ethylene, yana hanzarta lalata chlorophyll.
Bi da: Misalan abinci mai canzawa
