Wadatacce
Rayayyun abubuwa na iya hayayyafa ta hanyoyi daban -daban. The haifuwar jima'i Shi ne wanda ke nuna manyan dabbobi da wasu ƙananan da tsirrai. Wannan halin ƙungiyar gametes biyu, namiji daya mace daya, cewa bayan hadi ya samo asali daga amfrayo.
Duk da haka, a cikin juyin halitta mafi tsoffin halittu kamar kwayoyin cuta, yeasts, algae, fungi da wasu nau'ikan tsirrai, yana da yawa haifuwa ta asexual.
Wannan yana nufin cewa gametes daga iyaye daban -daban basa shiga tsakani, amma akwai wata hanyar da ake samun wani daga mutum ɗaya.
Nau'in haɓakar asexual
Daya daga cikin wadannan hanyoyin shine bipartition ko binary fission. Wannan na al'ada ne kwayoyin unicellular mai sauƙi,, kamar ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma yana nuna cewa kowace tantanin halitta ta kasu kashi biyu, bayan kwaɓewa da rarrabuwa na kayan halittarta. Hakanan akwai rabo mai yawa.
Wani yiwuwar shine budding ko budding. Wannan kuma sifa ce ta kwayoyin halitta guda-daya kamar yisti, kuma abin da ke faruwa shine a kawar da cytoplasmic, a matsayin tsiro, wanda bayan ya karɓi kayan halittar ya rabu da tantanin da ya samo asali.
Yawancin shuke -shuke suna iya ninkawa ta hanyar rarrabuwa daga cuttings, rhizomes, kwararan fitila ko stolons, don samun "yolks" ko meristems girma a sassa daban -daban na tsarinta.
The sporulation shi ma wani tsari ne na hayayyafa tsakanin jinsuna masu yawan gaske. Wannan ya kunshi mitotic samuwar ƙwayoyin haihuwa na musamman (spores), galibi ana ba da su tare da bango masu tsayayya, waɗanda ke tabbatar da rayuwarsu har ma a mahalli tare da yanayi mara kyau. Wannan inji yana da yawa a tsakanin algae da kuma namomin kaza, a karshen akwai wasu lokuta wasu sifofi na musamman kamar sporangia, wanda ke ɗauke da spores.
The parthenogenesis, a cikin abin sabon mutum yana samuwa ne daga ci gaban ƙwayoyin jima'i na mata marasa haihuwa, za a iya la'akari da shi, ta wata hanya, wani nau'in haifuwa.
Da yawa daga cikin rayayyun halittu suna da wani lokaci na hayayyafar asexual kuma wani tare da haifuwar jima'i a duk rayuwarsu. Abin da dukkan nau'ikan haɓakar jinsi iri ɗaya suke da shi shine cewa suna samarwa daidaikun mutane iri ɗaya da wanda ya samo asali.
Anan akwai wasu misalai na siffofin rayuwa waɗanda aka fara daga haifuwa ta asali:
- Noman ƙura masana'antar sukari don samar da sukari
- Noman dankali
- Masarautar kwayan cuta a kan Petri Tish
- Sabunta kifin tauraro, daga hannunsa
- Haihuwar hydra
- Noman albasa
- Shuka orchid
- Noman potus na ado
- Kayan ado na itace na itace
- Sake haifuwa na protozoa
- Namo naman kaza
- Itacen inabi girma
- Sake bugawa sanda kwari
- Kafa gandun daji na willow da poplar
- Kafa carnation na iska akan sauran bishiyoyi
- Yawan cactus
- Ƙirƙirar algae a cikin tafkunan
- Namo strawberry
- Yankunan yisti
- Shuka Gladiolus
